Las identidades no binarias en el Derecho español: aspectos internacionales e internos
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Publication date
2026
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Publisher
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid: Área de Derecho Internacional Privado
Citation
S. Castro Fernández y P. Orejudo Prieto de los Mozos, "Las identidades no binarias en el Derecho español: aspectos internacionales e internos", CDT, vol. 18, 1, 2026, pp. 435-455.
Abstract
La introducción de una tercera opción en el marcador de género registral de las personas físicas es ya una realidad en diversos ordenamientos jurídicos extranjeros, tanto de nuestro entorno como de otras latitudes. También algunas normas jurídicas españolas contemplan esta posibilidad a nivel administrativo. No está expresamente prevista, sin embargo, en la normativa estatal civil y registral, pero un análisis del marco internacional y estatal de derechos humanos obliga al legislador a prever dicha posibilidad; y mientras, las autoridades registrales deberían admitir toda demanda de rectificación de la mención registral del “sexo legal” al tercer marcador sobre la base de una aplicación directa de los estándares actuales de derechos humanos. Máxime teniendo en cuenta que en ciertas situaciones internacionales es ya obligado que se habilite el tercer marcador en cumplimiento de las normas de Derecho internacional privado (DIPr), y en atención a la jurisprudencia del TJUE.
The introduction of a third option in the gender marker for registered individuals is already a reality in several foreign legal systems, both in our region and elsewhere. Some Spanish legal provisions also contemplate this possibility at the administrative level. It is not expressly provided for, however, in state civil and registry legislation, but an analysis of the international and national human rights framework obliges the legislator to provide for this possibility; and in the meantime, registry authorities should accept any request to rectify the registered entry of “legal sex” to the third marker based on a direct application of current human rights standards. This is especially true considering that in certain international situations, enabling the third marker is mandatory in compliance with private international law (PIL) rules and in accordance with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).
The introduction of a third option in the gender marker for registered individuals is already a reality in several foreign legal systems, both in our region and elsewhere. Some Spanish legal provisions also contemplate this possibility at the administrative level. It is not expressly provided for, however, in state civil and registry legislation, but an analysis of the international and national human rights framework obliges the legislator to provide for this possibility; and in the meantime, registry authorities should accept any request to rectify the registered entry of “legal sex” to the third marker based on a direct application of current human rights standards. This is especially true considering that in certain international situations, enabling the third marker is mandatory in compliance with private international law (PIL) rules and in accordance with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).











