El rol de Estados Unidos en el sistema político internacional de la posguerra fría

Abstract

This research work starts with the concept that there has been only one international system whose emergence was marked with the Peace of Westphalia Treaty which characteristics are the change and the continuity. Thus, the behavior pattern of the International Political System (IPS) along the time allows us to understand better the current international political scene. One of the aims is to work on a brief retrospective of the IPS and the role that the Powerful States have at it until the hegemonic role of the United States of America. A second aim is proposed to study the Cold War Period and the part of the United States in this period. The Third aim is to analyze the United States’ foreign policy under the term of the various presidents during the Post-Cold War period, and finally gives a basic vision of the debate about the power conception and the hegemonic decline of the United States. There are various phases in a methodological way we can divide the study of the IPS: the first has as contextual framework the International Political System called Westphalia Model, whose name to which corresponds because under its context we can look back at the rise and the role of world powers, the matter of order and the international law, and the principle of regulation from 1648 to 1945. The second phase studies the IPS Model of the United Nations. It is called “United Nations Model” because the emergence of this Organization indicated the possibility of a new organized principle of peace and global security, the presence of this Organization whether or not impacted on global matters has typified the political activity and the regulations of that period. The greater context of the Cold War is from 1945 to 1989, during this period there were a strong presence of the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), creating a bipolar order. The emergence of these last two powers moved the traditional epicenter of the European power whose center of attention had been until then Central Europe, this would come to change the course of the international system...