Los orígenes del MLN-Tupamaros: entre el pragmatismo y la dificultad (1962-1968)
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2021
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH)
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Ríos Sierra, J. (2021). Los orígenes del MLN-Tupamaros: entre el pragmatismo y la dificultad (1962-1968). Izquierdas, 50, 1-29. https://www.izquierdas.cl/ediciones/2021/numero-50
Abstract
El siguiente trabajo aborda los orígenes de la guerrilla urbana MLN-Tupamaros, haciendo especial énfasis en la importancia que tuvieron los factores sociopolíticos y económicos internos de Uruguay y, asimismo, el particular momento que representa la Guerra Fría. Se señala cómo el MLN-T se conforma bajo importantes dificultades logísticas y operativas, inherentes a su sentido de guerrilla urbana, las cuales son resueltas con un importante sentido del pragmatismo y la adaptación a las circunstancias del momento. Metodológicamente, se recurre al Archivo de Lucha Armada “David Cámpora”, presente en el Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios Uruguayos (CEIU) de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de La República, para analizar una veintena de documentos, la mayor parte, de elaboración propia de parte de la guerrilla, y que ilustran el argumento general. Así, se presentan los pilares ideológicos y organizativos de un grupo armado que fue fuente de inspiración de numerosos grupos armados de impronta revolucionaria en Europa y en América Latina
The following work addresses the origins of the urban guerrilla MLNTupamaros. This, with special emphasis on the importance of Uruguay's internal sociopolitical and economic factors and, likewise, the particular moment represented by the Cold War. It is highlighted how the MLN-T is formed under important logistical and operational difficulties, inherent to its sense of urban guerrilla, which are resolved with an important sense of pragmatism and adaptation to the circumstances of the moment. Methodologically, the "David Cámpora" Armed Fight Archive, present in the Center for Uruguayan Interdisciplinary Studies (CEIU) of the Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences of the University of the Republic, is used to analyze more than twenty documents, the most of it, self-made by the guerrillas, and illustrating the general argument. Thus, the work presents the ideological and organizational pillars of an armed group that was a source of inspiration for numerous armed groups with a revolutionary imprint in Europe and Latin America.
The following work addresses the origins of the urban guerrilla MLNTupamaros. This, with special emphasis on the importance of Uruguay's internal sociopolitical and economic factors and, likewise, the particular moment represented by the Cold War. It is highlighted how the MLN-T is formed under important logistical and operational difficulties, inherent to its sense of urban guerrilla, which are resolved with an important sense of pragmatism and adaptation to the circumstances of the moment. Methodologically, the "David Cámpora" Armed Fight Archive, present in the Center for Uruguayan Interdisciplinary Studies (CEIU) of the Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences of the University of the Republic, is used to analyze more than twenty documents, the most of it, self-made by the guerrillas, and illustrating the general argument. Thus, the work presents the ideological and organizational pillars of an armed group that was a source of inspiration for numerous armed groups with a revolutionary imprint in Europe and Latin America.