Membranes used in membrane distillation: preparation and characterization

Abstract

Interest in the design and development of membranes for membrane distillation (MD) technology has been increasing since 2003. About 23% of the total published studies on MD since 2003 (up to 31 December 2013) are focused on membrane fabrication and modification for MD purposes. Therefore, this chapter covers the different types of materials used in membrane engineering for MD. Interesting and promising membrane designs and fabrication techniques of advanced membranes for MD are highlighted. Some novel and emerging membranes for MD are described. Techniques used to determine the most important characteristics needed for an adequate MD membrane are also summarized. Future trends and useful sources of further information are also included.