Carencias de identificación de las altas capacidades en el alumnado de educación infantil: una propuesta de mejora para la Comunidad de Madrid
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2021
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Esta investigación pretende poner de manifiesto cómo, a partir de una deficiente detección del alumnado de educación infantil de altas capacidades intelectuales, se genera una situación de desprotección en el sistema educativo. Se indaga más específicamente sobre la situación actual de la Comunidad de Madrid y se da una visión tanto teórica como un acercamiento a la realidad práctica analizando la legislación (tanto española como la de Madrid) y los datos estadísticos más recientes ofrecidos por el Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional. En el marco teórico se han resumido todos los modelos existentes más relevantes hasta la fecha tanto en español como en inglés sobre la identificación de las altas capacidades. Como metodología se realiza una encuesta a 35 orientadores escolares en activo de esta comunidad y se ofrecen los resultados que, desgraciadamente, concuerdan con los planteamientos propuestos: una falta de identificación desproporcionada y una falta de formación de los orientadores. En este trabajo se produce un acercamiento hacia las posibles causas por las que esto está ocurriendo y se enfatiza que esta falta de detección temprana puede acarrear graves consecuencias para el alumnado ya que, si no de identifica de manera adecuada, no se atiende a sus necesidades específicas y pueden derivar en fracaso escolar y bajo rendimiento. Al final, se ofrecen unas propuestas de mejora para esta situación.
This research aims to highlight how from a deficient detection of early childhood education gifted students, a situation of vulnerability is generated in the educational system. It investigates more specifically about the current situation of the Community of Madrid and gives a theoretical vision as well as an approach to practical reality analyzing the legislation (both in Spain and Madrid) and the most recent statistical data offered by the Ministry of Education and Professional Training. As a theoretical framework, all the most relevant existing models to date are offered in a summarized way from Spanish and English theories on the identification of giftedness. As a methodology, a survey of 35 active school counselors in Madrid is carried out and the final results, unfortunately, agree with the proposed approaches: a disproportionate lack of identification and a lack of training of counselors. In this research, there is an approach towards the possible causes why this is happening and it is emphasized that this lack of early identification can have serious consequences for the students since, if it is not identified in an adequate way, their specific needs are not covered and this can result in academic failure and underachievement. At the end, are offered some improvement proposals for this situation.
This research aims to highlight how from a deficient detection of early childhood education gifted students, a situation of vulnerability is generated in the educational system. It investigates more specifically about the current situation of the Community of Madrid and gives a theoretical vision as well as an approach to practical reality analyzing the legislation (both in Spain and Madrid) and the most recent statistical data offered by the Ministry of Education and Professional Training. As a theoretical framework, all the most relevant existing models to date are offered in a summarized way from Spanish and English theories on the identification of giftedness. As a methodology, a survey of 35 active school counselors in Madrid is carried out and the final results, unfortunately, agree with the proposed approaches: a disproportionate lack of identification and a lack of training of counselors. In this research, there is an approach towards the possible causes why this is happening and it is emphasized that this lack of early identification can have serious consequences for the students since, if it is not identified in an adequate way, their specific needs are not covered and this can result in academic failure and underachievement. At the end, are offered some improvement proposals for this situation.