Mecanismo de consenso Proof-of-Reputation para sistemas blockchain
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2023
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Abstract
Blockchain es una tecnología de registros distribuida y descentralizada que permite la creación de registros públicos e inmutables de transacciones y datos, sin necesidad de intermediarios, almacenándolos en “bloques” que forman una cadena que está asegurada mediante técnicas criptográficas. Es descentralizada porque se basa en la idea de que todos los nodos de la red tienen una copia de la cadena de bloques completa. Todos los nodos verifican los bloques que se van añadiendo a la cadena. Para producir estos bloques, todos los nodos deben llegar a un acuerdo para decidir cuál de ellos produce el siguiente bloque. Este procedimiento es lo que se conoce como “mecanismo de consenso”. En la actualidad hay varios mecanismos de consenso, los más populares son Proof of Work (Bitcoin), Proof of Stake (Ethereum) y Proof of Authority (redes privadas).
Existen diversos artículos académicos que hablan sobre un mecanismo alternativo llamado “Proof of Reputation”, que se basaría en la reputación de los diferentes nodos en la red para realizar la selección de validadores de bloques.
El objetivo de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado es diseñar e implementar un mecanismo de consenso basado en reputación partiendo de una implementación de Ethereum ya existente.
Blockchain is a distributed and decentralized record-keeping technology that allows the creation of public and immutable records of transactions and data, without the need for intermediaries, by storing them in "blocks" that form a chain that is secured by cryptographic techniques. It is decentralized because it is based on the idea that all nodes in the network have a copy of the complete blockchain. All nodes verify the blocks that are added to the chain. To produce these blocks, all nodes must reach an agreement to decide which of them produces the next block. This procedure is known as a "consensus mechanism". There are currently several consensus mechanisms, the most popular being Proof of Work (Bitcoin), Proof of Stake (Ethereum) and Proof of Authority (private networks). There are several academic articles that talk about an alternative mechanism called "Proof of Reputation", which would be based on the reputation of the different nodes in the network to make the selection of block validators. The aim of this thesis is to design and implement a reputation-based
Blockchain is a distributed and decentralized record-keeping technology that allows the creation of public and immutable records of transactions and data, without the need for intermediaries, by storing them in "blocks" that form a chain that is secured by cryptographic techniques. It is decentralized because it is based on the idea that all nodes in the network have a copy of the complete blockchain. All nodes verify the blocks that are added to the chain. To produce these blocks, all nodes must reach an agreement to decide which of them produces the next block. This procedure is known as a "consensus mechanism". There are currently several consensus mechanisms, the most popular being Proof of Work (Bitcoin), Proof of Stake (Ethereum) and Proof of Authority (private networks). There are several academic articles that talk about an alternative mechanism called "Proof of Reputation", which would be based on the reputation of the different nodes in the network to make the selection of block validators. The aim of this thesis is to design and implement a reputation-based
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Trabajo de Fin de Grado en Ingeniería Informática, Facultad de Informática UCM, Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación, Curso 2022/2023.