Estigma y esquizofrenia : la influencia de la estigmatización en la exclusión social
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2023
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24/03/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El propósito de esta Tesis es examinar el conjunto de dinámicas estigmatizadoras que afectan a las personas con esquizofrenia, prestando atención a su efecto sobre la integración social y explorando qué estrategias pueden ser de utilidad para contrarrestar estas dinámicas negativas. La investigación se centra en Madrid. Se desarrollan tres estudios que se llevan a cabo de forma consecutiva, profundizando gradualmente en el fenómeno a tratar. En el primer estudio se realizaron 31 entrevistas abiertas a informantes clave y un grupo de discusión. Los resultados aportaron una visión general del fenómeno a estudiar. Se destaca la necesidad de analizar en profundidad las actitudes de la población general así como la importancia de acudir al relato de los propios afectados por el estigma. Cuestiones que guían el diseño de los dos siguientes estudios. El segundo estudio busca analizar las actitudes de la población general. Trata de detectar cuáles son los principales estereotipos y prejuicios respecto a la esquizofrenia; qué factores pueden determinar su desarrollo; y cómo influyen en la predisposición a brindar apoyo a las personas con este trastorno mental. Para ello se efectúan dos encuestas online. La primera va dirigida a la población residente en Madrid; la segunda, a estudiantes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Tras el análisis de los resultados obtenidos, puede decirse que las actitudes negativas se estructuran en torno a dos dimensiones: segregación (percepción de peligro, miedo y rechazo) y paternalismo (percepción de incapacidad, sobreprotección y control). Estos grupos de actitudes se ven influidos por diversas cuestiones. Entre ellas destacan la percepción de las causas del trastorno y el contacto con personas con esquizofrenia. Asimismo, se intuye la cercanía entre la predisposición a la ayuda y el riesgo de caer en comportamientos sobreprotectores...
The aim of this dissertation is to study the stigmatising dynamics against people with schizophrenia and their effect on social integration. Furthermore, to explore useful strategies to apply against these negative dynamics. The research is developed out in Madrid. Three studies are carried out sequentially, gradually going in depth into the studied issues.The first study was conducted by thirty-one open interviews and one focus group with key informants. The results provided an overview about the topic of study. The need for an in-depth analysis of the attitudes of the general population is highlighted, as well as the importance of considering the perspective of persons with schizophrenia. These issues guided the design of the following two studies.The second study analyses attitudes of the general population. Its aim is to identify the main stereotypes and prejudices about schizophrenia; which factors may determine their development; and how they influence in the predisposition to support people with schizophrenia. To accomplish this, two online surveys were carried out. The first was addressed to the general population of Madrid; the second to students of the Complutense University of Madrid. Having analysed the results obtained, it can be said that negative attitudes are structured around two dimensions: segregation (perception of danger, fear, and rejection) and paternalism (perception of incapacity, overprotection, and control). These sets of attitudes are influenced by different factors. These factors include the perception of the causes of the disorder and contact with people with schizophrenia. Moreover, the closeness between the predisposition to help and the risk of falling into overprotective behaviour is noted...
The aim of this dissertation is to study the stigmatising dynamics against people with schizophrenia and their effect on social integration. Furthermore, to explore useful strategies to apply against these negative dynamics. The research is developed out in Madrid. Three studies are carried out sequentially, gradually going in depth into the studied issues.The first study was conducted by thirty-one open interviews and one focus group with key informants. The results provided an overview about the topic of study. The need for an in-depth analysis of the attitudes of the general population is highlighted, as well as the importance of considering the perspective of persons with schizophrenia. These issues guided the design of the following two studies.The second study analyses attitudes of the general population. Its aim is to identify the main stereotypes and prejudices about schizophrenia; which factors may determine their development; and how they influence in the predisposition to support people with schizophrenia. To accomplish this, two online surveys were carried out. The first was addressed to the general population of Madrid; the second to students of the Complutense University of Madrid. Having analysed the results obtained, it can be said that negative attitudes are structured around two dimensions: segregation (perception of danger, fear, and rejection) and paternalism (perception of incapacity, overprotection, and control). These sets of attitudes are influenced by different factors. These factors include the perception of the causes of the disorder and contact with people with schizophrenia. Moreover, the closeness between the predisposition to help and the risk of falling into overprotective behaviour is noted...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 24-03-2023