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Measurement of the depth of maximum of extensive air showers above 10(18) eV

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dc.contributor.authorArganda, E.
dc.contributor.authorArqueros Martínez, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorBlanco Ramos, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Pinto, Diego
dc.contributor.authorMonasor, M.
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz Ramis, Montserrat
dc.contributor.authorRosado Vélez, Jaime
dc.contributor.authorVázquez Peñas, José Ramón
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-20T04:17:43Z
dc.date.available2023-06-20T04:17:43Z
dc.date.issued2010-03-05
dc.description© 2010 American Physical Society. Autoría conjunta: Pierre Auger Collaboration. Artículo firmado por más de 10 autores. The successful installation and commissioning of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargüe. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Fundación Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargüe, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leñas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacão de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Ministério de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB300100801 and KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, and MSM0021620859, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Régional Ile-de-France, D´epartement Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Département Sciences de l’Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, BadenWürttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Universit`a e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organ isatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant Nos. 1 P03 D 014 30, N202 090 31/0623, and PAP/218/2006, Poland; Fundacão para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy, Contract Nos. DEAC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation USA; ALFA-EC / HELEN, European Union 6th Framework Program, Grant No. MEIF-CT-2005- 025057, European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant No. PIEF-GA-2008-220240, and UNESCO.
dc.description.abstractWe describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, X-max, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost 4000 events above 10(18) eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with at least one surface detector station are selected for the analysis. The average shower maximum was found to evolve with energy at a rate of (106 +/- 35-21) g/cm(2)/decade below 10(18.24) +/- (0.05) eV, and d24 +/- 3 g/cm(2)/ecade above this energy. The measured shower-to-shower fluctuations decrease from about 55 to 26 g/cm(2). The interpretation of these results in terms of the cosmic ray mass composition is briefly discussed.
dc.description.departmentDepto. de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica
dc.description.facultyFac. de Ciencias Físicas
dc.description.refereedTRUE
dc.description.sponsorshipUnión Europea. FP7
dc.description.sponsorshipCzech Republic
dc.description.sponsorshipCentre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS
dc.description.sponsorshipCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
dc.description.sponsorshipConseil Régional Ile-de-France
dc.description.sponsorshipD´epartement Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS)
dc.description.sponsorshipDépartement Sciences de l’Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS)
dc.description.sponsorshipBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)
dc.description.sponsorshipDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
dc.description.sponsorshipFinanzministerium Baden-Württemberg
dc.description.sponsorshipHelmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF)
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterium für Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, BadenWürttemberg
dc.description.sponsorshipIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistero dell’Istruzione, dell’Universit`a e della Ricerca (MIUR)
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Netherlands
dc.description.sponsorshipNederlandse Organ isatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)
dc.description.sponsorshipStichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM)
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry of Science and Higher Education
dc.description.sponsorshipFundacão para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology
dc.description.sponsorshipSlovenian Research Agency
dc.description.sponsorshipComunidad de Madrid
dc.description.sponsorshipConsejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha
dc.description.sponsorshipFEDER funds
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación, Xunta de Galicia
dc.description.sponsorshipScience and Technology Facilities Council
dc.description.sponsorshipALFA-EC / HELEN
dc.description.sponsorshipUnión Europea. FP6
dc.description.sponsorshipUNESCO
dc.description.statuspub
dc.eprint.idhttps://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/39336
dc.identifier.doi10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.091101
dc.identifier.issn0031-9007
dc.identifier.officialurlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.091101
dc.identifier.relatedurlhttp://journals.aps.org/
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/45138
dc.issue.number9
dc.journal.titlePhysical review letters
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherAmerican Physical Society
dc.relation.projectIDAUGERCRSOURCE (220240)
dc.relation.projectIDAVCR AV0Z10100502
dc.relation.projectIDAV0Z10100522
dc.relation.projectIDGAAV KJB300100801
dc.relation.projectIDKJB100100904
dc.relation.projectIDMSMT-CR LA08016
dc.relation.projectIDLC527
dc.relation.projectID1M06002
dc.relation.projectIDMSM0021620859
dc.relation.projectID1 P03 D 014 30
dc.relation.projectIDN202 090 31/0623
dc.relation.projectIDPAP/218/2006
dc.relation.projectIDNEUTRAUGER (25057)
dc.rights.accessRightsopen access
dc.subject.cdu539.1
dc.subject.keywordCosmic rays
dc.subject.keywordFluorescence light
dc.subject.keywordDetector
dc.subject.keywordReconstruction
dc.subject.keywordResolution
dc.subject.keywordSpectrum.
dc.subject.ucmFísica nuclear
dc.subject.unesco2207 Física Atómica y Nuclear
dc.titleMeasurement of the depth of maximum of extensive air showers above 10(18) eV
dc.typejournal article
dc.volume.number104
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