Papel de la desregulación inmunológica en enfermedades pediátricas: ictiosis, enfermedad de Kawasaki y Síndrome Multisistémico Inflamatorio Pediátrico
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2025
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23/10/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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La desregulación del sistema inmunológico (SI) puede resultar en una serie de respuestas con efectos perjudiciales para el organismo, pudiendo llegar a ser muy graves. La desregulación inmunológica puede favorecer el desarrollo y evolución de algunas enfermedades, así como ocasionar o contribuir a su sintomatología. En este contexto, esta Tesis se enfoca en el estudio de enfermedades pediátricas raras inmunomediadas, con el objetivo de caracterizar el perfil inmunológico de estos pacientes para determinar la desregulación específica presente y entender cómo esta afecta a la sintomatología típica de dichas enfermedades. A su vez, esto facilitaría el establecimiento de marcadores diagnósticos y posibles dianas terapéuticas inmunológicas, permitiendo la implementación de estrategias de medicina personalizada de precisión (MPP). Concretamente, se han estudiado tres tipos de ictiosis congénitas, que son enfermedades genéticas de la piel que afectan a la primera línea de defensa del SI, aumentando el riesgo de infecciones y sepsis en estos pacientes. Asimismo, se han estudiado la enfermedad de Kawasaki (KD) y el Síndrome Multisistémico Inflamatorio Pediátrico (MIS-C), que son patologías multisistémicas inflamatorias que afectan particularmente al sistema cardiovascular. Clínicamente son entidades muy difíciles de distinguir y cuyo retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento puede desencadenar complicaciones cardiacas muy graves...
A dysregulation of the immune system (IS) can lead to harmful responses that may become very severe. Immune dysregulation can promote the development and progression of some diseases, as well as exacerbate the symptomatology of various conditions. This Thesis focuses on the study of rare immune-mediated paediatric diseases so as to characterize the immunological profile of these patients. The aim is to determine the specific immune dysregulation and understand how it affects the symptomatology of these diseases. Consequently, this would facilitate the establishment of diagnostic markers and potential immunological therapeutic targets, thereby enabling the implementation of precision personalized medicine (PPM) strategies. Specifically, we have studied three types of congenital ichthyosis, which are cutaneous disorders that impair the barrier function of the skin, increasing the risk of infection and sepsis in affected patients. Furthermore, we have studied Kawasaki disease (KD), and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), both of which are multisystem inflammatory pathologies that significantly impact the cardiovascular system. These conditions present considerable clinical challenges in differentiation, and delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to very severe cardiac complications, hence, the need to treat them promptly...
A dysregulation of the immune system (IS) can lead to harmful responses that may become very severe. Immune dysregulation can promote the development and progression of some diseases, as well as exacerbate the symptomatology of various conditions. This Thesis focuses on the study of rare immune-mediated paediatric diseases so as to characterize the immunological profile of these patients. The aim is to determine the specific immune dysregulation and understand how it affects the symptomatology of these diseases. Consequently, this would facilitate the establishment of diagnostic markers and potential immunological therapeutic targets, thereby enabling the implementation of precision personalized medicine (PPM) strategies. Specifically, we have studied three types of congenital ichthyosis, which are cutaneous disorders that impair the barrier function of the skin, increasing the risk of infection and sepsis in affected patients. Furthermore, we have studied Kawasaki disease (KD), and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), both of which are multisystem inflammatory pathologies that significantly impact the cardiovascular system. These conditions present considerable clinical challenges in differentiation, and delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to very severe cardiac complications, hence, the need to treat them promptly...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 23/10/2024