Estudio de la torsión ocular subjetiva en el estrabismo
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2024
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07/07/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El globo ocular puede realizar movimientos en torno a tres ejes: un eje horizontal sobre el que el ojo rota haciendo movimientos de elevación o descenso; un eje vertical sobre el cual el ojo se dirige hacia la abducción o aducción, y un eje anteroposterior que determina movimientos de rotación en sentido horario o antihorario. Estos últimos dan lugar a las torsiones oculares, o ciclotorsiones. La cicloposición se define como la posición en la que se halla el globo ocular en relación con su eje anteroposterior cuando un sujeto mira de frente, con sus dos ojos a la misma altura y con la cabeza erguida. En esta posición, un meridiano imaginario vertical que atraviesa el eje visual no tiene inclinación. Dado que no es posible situar de manera anatómica dicha posición, es preciso utilizar otras referencias anatómicas para determinar su localización, como la posición relativa del nervio óptico con respecto a la fóvea cuando esta se encuentra fijada en un punto. El análisis de la posición de estas estructuras anatómicas nos aporta información objetiva sobre la torsión ocular. Sin embargo, la orientación y cantidad de torsión percibida por un paciente con respecto a una imagen ha de evaluarse con pruebas subjetivas...
The eyeball can make movements around 3 axes: a horizontal axis on which the eye rotates making movements of elevation or descent; a vertical axis about which the eye is directed towards abduction or adduction, and an anteroposterior axis that determines rotational movements in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The latter give rise to ocular torsions, or cyclotorsions. The ocular cycloposition is defined as the position in which the eyeball is in relation to its anteroposterior axis when a subject looks straight ahead, with his 2 eyes at the same height and with his head erect. In this position, an imaginary vertical meridian traversing the visual axis has no inclination. Since it is not possible to locate that position anatomically, it is necessary to use other anatomical references to determine its location, such as the relative position of the optic nerve with respect to the fovea when it is fixed at a point. Analysis of the position of these anatomical structures provides us objective information about the ocular torsion. However, the orientation and amount of torsion perceived by a patient with respect to an image must be evaluated with subjective tests...
The eyeball can make movements around 3 axes: a horizontal axis on which the eye rotates making movements of elevation or descent; a vertical axis about which the eye is directed towards abduction or adduction, and an anteroposterior axis that determines rotational movements in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The latter give rise to ocular torsions, or cyclotorsions. The ocular cycloposition is defined as the position in which the eyeball is in relation to its anteroposterior axis when a subject looks straight ahead, with his 2 eyes at the same height and with his head erect. In this position, an imaginary vertical meridian traversing the visual axis has no inclination. Since it is not possible to locate that position anatomically, it is necessary to use other anatomical references to determine its location, such as the relative position of the optic nerve with respect to the fovea when it is fixed at a point. Analysis of the position of these anatomical structures provides us objective information about the ocular torsion. However, the orientation and amount of torsion perceived by a patient with respect to an image must be evaluated with subjective tests...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 07-07-2023