Análisis del nicho vascular e identificación de nuevos patrones de señalización molecular en anafilaxia
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2021
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07/07/2021
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La anafilaxia es la reacción de hipersensibilidad sistémica más grave que existe, de aparición repentina y que puede causar la muerte. En las reacciones de anafilaxia se afectan distintos órganos y/o sistemas por lo que existe una amplia gama de signos y síntomas que manifiestan estos pacientes. La hipotensión y la hipoxia son factores clave que contribuyen a la gravedad de los episodios provocando un desequilibrio homeostático. La vaso- y bronco-constricción que acontece en la cavidad torácica, la pérdida de la resistencia periférica vascular y el incremento de la extravasación vascular acompañan a la mayoría de reacciones severas. Los mecanismos moleculares descritos en la fisiopatología de la anafilaxia señalan a la acción de los mediadores liberados por las células inmunes efectoras como los causantes de dichos efectos. Dado que la afectación del sistema vascular es crucial en el desarrollo de las anafilaxias y que el tratamiento de uso aconsejado en clínica es la adrenalina, el objetivo principal de esta tesis es investigar la fisiopatología del nicho vascular en anafilaxia humana e identificar nuevos patrones de señalización molecular...
Anaphylaxis is the most severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction that occurs suddenly and can cause death. Anaphylaxis reactions affect different organs and/or systems and there is a wide range of signs and symptoms manifested by these patients. Hypotension and hypoxia are key factors contributing to the severity of episodes by causing homeostatic imbalance. Vaso- and broncho-constriction occurring in the thoracic cavity, loss of peripheral vascular resistance and increased vascular extravasation accompany most severe reactions. Molecular mechanisms described in the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis point to the action of mediators released by effector immune cells as the cause of these effects. Given that the involvement of the vascular system is crucial in the development of anaphylaxis and that the treatment of choice in clinical practice is adrenaline, the main objective of this thesis is to investigate the pathophysiology of the vascular niche in human anaphylaxis and to identify new molecular signalling patterns...
Anaphylaxis is the most severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction that occurs suddenly and can cause death. Anaphylaxis reactions affect different organs and/or systems and there is a wide range of signs and symptoms manifested by these patients. Hypotension and hypoxia are key factors contributing to the severity of episodes by causing homeostatic imbalance. Vaso- and broncho-constriction occurring in the thoracic cavity, loss of peripheral vascular resistance and increased vascular extravasation accompany most severe reactions. Molecular mechanisms described in the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis point to the action of mediators released by effector immune cells as the cause of these effects. Given that the involvement of the vascular system is crucial in the development of anaphylaxis and that the treatment of choice in clinical practice is adrenaline, the main objective of this thesis is to investigate the pathophysiology of the vascular niche in human anaphylaxis and to identify new molecular signalling patterns...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, leída el 07/07/2021