Importancia de la capacidad funcional en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA) y la relación con el binomio nutrición-inflamación
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2022
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16/12/2021
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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La progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica puede afectar a la capacidad funcional ya que, por un lado estos pacientes presentan una media de edad alta, principalmente por el aumento en la esperanza de vida (hay que recordar que la edad en sí misma supone un factor de disminución de la funcionalidad), y por otro lado existen una serie de factores que van a afectar a la funcionalidad, como son la inflamación, el estado urémico, la genética del paciente, las comorbilidades asociadas, el binomio nutrición – inflamación, estilo de vida (sedentario/activo), o el consumo de fármacos, entre otros. Estos factores pueden influir negativamente en la composición corporal, provocando una disminución de la masa magra, masa ósea, cambios en el agua corporal y en su distribución, que junto con la disminución de la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria (propia de la edad avanzada), van a aumentar el riesgo de discapacidad, siendo mayor en aquellos pacientes añosos que no realizan, o realizaron con anterioridad ejercicio físico de manera habitual. La disminución de la capacidad funcional en la enfermedad renal crónica (cuya causa principal va a ser la disminución de la masa muscular) puede observarse en pacientes de cualquier edad, siendo un factor de riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes jóvenes...
The progression of chronic kidney disease can affect functional capacity, mainly due to the increase in life expectancy (most of these patients have a advanced age, it should be remembered that age in itself is a factor of decreased functionality). On the other hand, there are a series of factors that will affect functionality, such as inflammation, uraemic status, genetics, associated comorbidities, the nutrition-inflammation binomial, lifestyle (sedentary/active), or the consumption of drugs, among others. These factors can have a negative influence on body composition, causing a decrease in lean mass, bone mass, changes in body water and its distribution. Together with the decrease in cardiorespiratory capacity (typical of advanced age), they will increase the risk of disability, being greater in elderly patients who do not perform, or previously performed, physical exercise on a regular basis. The decrease in functional capacity in chronic kidney disease (the main cause of which will be the decrease in muscle mass) can be observed in patients of any age, being a risk factor for mortality in young patients...
The progression of chronic kidney disease can affect functional capacity, mainly due to the increase in life expectancy (most of these patients have a advanced age, it should be remembered that age in itself is a factor of decreased functionality). On the other hand, there are a series of factors that will affect functionality, such as inflammation, uraemic status, genetics, associated comorbidities, the nutrition-inflammation binomial, lifestyle (sedentary/active), or the consumption of drugs, among others. These factors can have a negative influence on body composition, causing a decrease in lean mass, bone mass, changes in body water and its distribution. Together with the decrease in cardiorespiratory capacity (typical of advanced age), they will increase the risk of disability, being greater in elderly patients who do not perform, or previously performed, physical exercise on a regular basis. The decrease in functional capacity in chronic kidney disease (the main cause of which will be the decrease in muscle mass) can be observed in patients of any age, being a risk factor for mortality in young patients...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 16-12-2021