Publication: La Junta de Conservación de Obras de Arte (1920-1961) : Servicio de conservación y restauración del Ministerio de Instrucción Pública y Bellas Artes adscrito al Museo Nacional del Prado
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2024-01-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La investigación desarrollada en la presente tesis doctoral, La Junta de Conservación de Obras de Arte (1920-1961) Servicio de conservación y restauración del Ministerio de Instrucción Pública y Bellas Artes adscrito al Museo Nacional del Prado, analiza el origen y desarrollo del primer servicio estatal de conservación y restauración en España. Se creó en 1920 con el objeto de conservar y restaurar las obras artísticas del patrimonio español ubicadas fuera de los principales museos y que, por su estado de conservación, corrían peligro de desaparecer. Su actividad abarca cuarenta años y fue sustituida, en 1961, por el Instituto Central de Conservación y Restauración(ICCR), actual Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España (IPCE). Este servicio, fue creado y dirigido por distinguidos historiadores del arte, amantes y defensores del patrimonio histórico, artístico y cultural de este país como Elías Tormo, Manuel Gómez-Moreno y Francisco Javier Sánchez Cantón. Las restauraciones fueron realizadas por un grupo de profesionales, restauradores y forradores que, en su mayoría, han permanecido hasta hoy en el anonimato. Esta investigación se ha basado en el estudio de fuentes muy diversas, principalmente documentación administrativa, correspondencia, noticias de prensa, fotografías históricas y expedientes personales, además de un estudio exhaustivo de ciertas obras pictóricas de los fondos del Museo Nacional del Prado y Museo Arqueológico Nacional, bien porque fueron fruto del trabajo de los conservadores-restauradores o formaron parte de los ejercicios prácticos de las oposiciones a restauradores y forradores. Para localizar toda esta información, fue trascendental la visita presencial a diversos archivos como los de la Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando y el Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares...
The research carried out in this doctoral thesis, The Artworks Conservation Board (1920-1961) Conservation and Restoration Service of the Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts ascribed to the Prado National Museum, analyzes the origin and development of the first national conservation and restoration service in Spain, which received the name of Junta de Conservación de Obras de Arte (Artworks Conservation Board). It was created in 1920 with the aim of conserving and restoring artworks of Spanish heritage located outside the main museums that, due to their state of conservation, were in danger of disappearing. Its activity covered forty years and was replaced in 1961 by the Central Institute of Conservation and Restoration (ICCR), currently the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Spain (IPCE). This service was created and directed by distinguished art historians, lovers and defenders of the historical, artistic and cultural heritage of this country, such as Elías Tormo, Manuel Gómez-Moreno and Francisco Javier Sánchez Cantón.The restorations were carried out by a group of professionals - restorers and liners - most of whom have remained anonymous to this day. This investigation was based on the study of many different sources, mainly administrative documentation, correspondence, press reports, historical photographs, and personal files, as well as an exhaustive study of certain paintings from the collections of the Prado National Museum and National Archaeological Museum, either because they were the result of the work of the conservator-restorers or because they were part of the practical opposition exercises for restorers and liners. To locate all this information, it was necessary to visit several archives such as those of the Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando and the Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares...
The research carried out in this doctoral thesis, The Artworks Conservation Board (1920-1961) Conservation and Restoration Service of the Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts ascribed to the Prado National Museum, analyzes the origin and development of the first national conservation and restoration service in Spain, which received the name of Junta de Conservación de Obras de Arte (Artworks Conservation Board). It was created in 1920 with the aim of conserving and restoring artworks of Spanish heritage located outside the main museums that, due to their state of conservation, were in danger of disappearing. Its activity covered forty years and was replaced in 1961 by the Central Institute of Conservation and Restoration (ICCR), currently the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Spain (IPCE). This service was created and directed by distinguished art historians, lovers and defenders of the historical, artistic and cultural heritage of this country, such as Elías Tormo, Manuel Gómez-Moreno and Francisco Javier Sánchez Cantón.The restorations were carried out by a group of professionals - restorers and liners - most of whom have remained anonymous to this day. This investigation was based on the study of many different sources, mainly administrative documentation, correspondence, press reports, historical photographs, and personal files, as well as an exhaustive study of certain paintings from the collections of the Prado National Museum and National Archaeological Museum, either because they were the result of the work of the conservator-restorers or because they were part of the practical opposition exercises for restorers and liners. To locate all this information, it was necessary to visit several archives such as those of the Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando and the Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 12-04-2023