Fundamental symmetries and spacetime geometries in Gauge theories of gravity-prospects for unified field theories
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2020
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MDPI
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Abstract
Gravity can be formulated as a gauge theory by combining symmetry principles and geometrical methods in a consistent mathematical framework. The gauge approach to gravity leads directly to non-Euclidean, post-Riemannian spacetime geometries, providing the adequate formalism for metric-affine theories of gravity with curvature, torsion and non-metricity. In this paper, we analyze the structure of gauge theories of gravity and consider the relation between fundamental geometrical objects and symmetry principles as well as different spacetime paradigms. Special attention is given to Poincare gauge theories of gravity, their field equations and Noether conserved currents, which are the sources of gravity. We then discuss several topics of the gauge approach to gravitational phenomena, namely, quadratic Poincare gauge models, the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory, the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, quadratic metric-affine Lagrangians, non-Lorentzian connections, and the breaking of Lorentz invariance in the presence of non-metricity. We also highlight the probing of post-Riemannian geometries with test matter. Finally, we briefly discuss some perspectives regarding the role of both geometrical methods and symmetry principles towards unified field theories and a new spacetime paradigm, motivated from the gauge approach to gravity.
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© 2020 MDPI
F.C. is funded by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) doctoral grant No. PD/BD/128017/2016. F.S.N.L. acknowledges support fromthe FCT Scientific Employment Stimulus contract with reference CEECIND/04057/2017. D.R.-G. is funded by the Atracci ' on de Talento Investigador programme of the Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) No. 2018-T1/TIC-10431, and acknowledges further support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci ' on y Universidades (Spain) project No. PID2019-108485GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, the Spanish project No. FIS2017-84440-C2-1-P (MINECO/FEDER, EU), the project PROMETEO/2020/079 (Generalitat Valenciana), and the Edital 006/2018 PRONEX (FAPESQ-PB/CNPQ, Brazil) Grant No. 0015/2019. The authors also acknowledge funding from FCT Projects No. UID/FIS/04434/2020, No. CERN/FIS-PAR/0037/2019 and No. PTDC/FIS-OUT/29048/2017. This article is based upon work from COST Actions CA15117 and CA18108, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).