Los movimientos antiestatales como fundamento para el cambio en la gobernanza del patrimonio arqueológico en México
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2025
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30/05/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Esta investigación analiza el patrimonio arqueológico mexicano y el entramado social en el que se inserta, identificando la activación de una serie de relaciones entre distintos grupos sociales, los cuales presentan desigualdades que suscitan desacuerdos, conflictos y luchas de poder por los restos arqueológicos. El objetivo, analizar cómo y porqué el patrimonio arqueológico se ha configurado como un elemento detonador de conflictos sociales que propician, en la mayoría de los casos, la confrontación entre grupos sociales y las instituciones estatales encargadas de gestionar dicho patrimonio. A su vez, conocer o demostrar si ello contribuye de alguna manera el empoderamiento ciudadano y aun mejor acceso, reapropiación y resignificación del patrimonio cultural, entendido como un derecho, pero sobre todo, como un deseo o necesidad implícita de las comunidades implicadas. Estos conflictos se definen como acciones colectivas o movimientos antiestatales y no como movimientos sociales, debido a los componentes y relaciones que generan: agentes diversos, auto-organizaciones populares, grupos de académicos/as, estudiantes, mujeres, comerciantes, ejidatarios, indígenas, etc. Esto propicia que se construyan nuevas relaciones sociales enriquecidas por las experiencias previas que los agentes han experimentado en otros ambientes de resistencia. Asimismo, una acción colectiva se caracteriza porque irrumpe en la vida cotidiana, colocando a los restos arqueológicos en una posición central que propicia reflexiones identitarias, principalmente de índole colectivo...
This research analyzes the Mexican archaeological heritage and the social networks in which it is inserted, identifying the activation of a series of relationships between different social groups, which present inequalities to arouse disagreements, conflicts and power struggles over the archaeological remains. The objective, to analyze how and why the archaeological heritage has been configured as a trigger element of social conflicts that, in most cases, the confrontation between social groups and the state institutions in charge of managing this heritage. In turn, to know or demonstrate whether this contributes in any way to citizen empowerment and even better access, re-appropriation and re-signification of cultural heritage, understood as a right but above all as an implicit desire or need of the communities involved.These conflicts are defined as collective actions or anti-state movements and not as social movements, due to the components and relationships they generate: diverse agents, popular self-organizations, academic groups, students, women, traders, owners in common land, indigenous peoples, etc. This leads to construction of new social relations enriched by the previous experiences that the agents have experienced in other environments of resistance. Likewise, a collective action is characterized because it interrupts daily life, placing the archaeological remains in a central position that fosters identity reflections, mainly of a collective nature...
This research analyzes the Mexican archaeological heritage and the social networks in which it is inserted, identifying the activation of a series of relationships between different social groups, which present inequalities to arouse disagreements, conflicts and power struggles over the archaeological remains. The objective, to analyze how and why the archaeological heritage has been configured as a trigger element of social conflicts that, in most cases, the confrontation between social groups and the state institutions in charge of managing this heritage. In turn, to know or demonstrate whether this contributes in any way to citizen empowerment and even better access, re-appropriation and re-signification of cultural heritage, understood as a right but above all as an implicit desire or need of the communities involved.These conflicts are defined as collective actions or anti-state movements and not as social movements, due to the components and relationships they generate: diverse agents, popular self-organizations, academic groups, students, women, traders, owners in common land, indigenous peoples, etc. This leads to construction of new social relations enriched by the previous experiences that the agents have experienced in other environments of resistance. Likewise, a collective action is characterized because it interrupts daily life, placing the archaeological remains in a central position that fosters identity reflections, mainly of a collective nature...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 30-05-2025







