Actividad de plazomicina frente a aislados clínicos de Escherichia coli resistentes a cefalosporinas de tercera generación. Caracterización de sus mecanismos de resistencia
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2018
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14/06/2017
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Escherichia coli es el principal agente uropatógeno, siendo responsable de la mayoría de las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) que afectan al ser humano. La resistencia a cefalosporinas de tercera generación, mediada por las cepas productoras de β-lactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEEs) y de β-lactamasas AmpC, es un problema creciente en todo el mundo, que frecuentemente se asocia con la resistencia a otras familias de antimicrobianos. La presencia de aislados E. coli productores de estas enzimas limita las opciones de tratamiento, indicando la necesidad de nuevas opciones terapéuticas.El objetivo general de esta tesis fue caracterizar los mecanismos de resistencia tanto a β-lactámicos como a los aminoglucósidos mas utilizados en la clínica en 347 aislados de E. coli resistentes a cefalosporinas de tercera generación, procedentes de infecciones urinarias diagnosticadas durante el año 2013 en el Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid y evaluar la actividad in vitro de un nuevo aminoglucósido, plazomicina, en desarrollo clínico para ITUs complicadas, frente a esos aislados. Además estudiamos la actividad de dos antibióticos clásicos para el tratamiento de las ITUs no complicadas: fosfomicina y nitrofurantoína...
Escherichia coli is the most important uropathogen, being the most frequent cause of from human urinary tract infections (UTIs). Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, mediated by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases is an increasing problem worldwide, which is often associated with co-resistance to other antimicrobial families. As a result, therapeutic options against these β-lactam-resistant E. coli infections are extremely limited, indicating the need for new therapeutic options.The general objective of this work was to characterize the resistance mechanisms to β-lactam agents and to aminoglycosides, in 347 ESBL/AmpC-producers E. coli urinary isolates, collected during 2013 at the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid, Spain) and to determine the activity of a novel aminoglycoside, plazomicin. The compound is currently under clinical development for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) and acute pyelonephritis as a single agent. We also studied the activity of two classical antibiotics for the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs: fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin...
Escherichia coli is the most important uropathogen, being the most frequent cause of from human urinary tract infections (UTIs). Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, mediated by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases is an increasing problem worldwide, which is often associated with co-resistance to other antimicrobial families. As a result, therapeutic options against these β-lactam-resistant E. coli infections are extremely limited, indicating the need for new therapeutic options.The general objective of this work was to characterize the resistance mechanisms to β-lactam agents and to aminoglycosides, in 347 ESBL/AmpC-producers E. coli urinary isolates, collected during 2013 at the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid, Spain) and to determine the activity of a novel aminoglycoside, plazomicin. The compound is currently under clinical development for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) and acute pyelonephritis as a single agent. We also studied the activity of two classical antibiotics for the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs: fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología III, leída el 14-06-2017