Xenarthra Pilosa del Neógeno del Ecuador : sistemática, distribución estratigráfica, paleobiogeografía y paleoambientes
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2023
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09/05/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El aislamiento prolongado del subcontinente de Sudamérica por casi 100 millones de años permitió el desarrollo de una fauna de mamíferos propia que se vio afectada hace unos 3 millones de años por los movimientos migratorios norte-sur y sur-norte ocurridos como consecuencia del cierre del istmo de Panamá, proceso conocido como Gran Intercambio Biótico Americano (GABI). Entre esta fauna característica se encuentran el superorden de mamíferos placentados de los Xenartros (osos hormigueros, armadillos y perezosos), caracterizados por peculiaridades anatómicas exclusivas del grupo. Los perezosos se agrupan en el suborden Folívora, perteneciente al orden Pilosa, y comprende perezosos arborícolas con representantes actuales y fósiles, y los perezosos terrestres, exclusivamente fósiles. El rico registro fósil de perezosos terrestres en Sudamérica muestra la diversidad que alcanzó el grupo manifestada por el amplio rango de tamaños, tipo de dietas y de locomoción. Su evolución y patrones de distribución estuvieron condicionados por la orografía, clima y migraciones, aún no plenamente esclarecidos...
The prolonged isolation of the South American subcontinent for almost 100 million years allowed the development of its own mammalian fauna that was affected some 3million years ago by the north-south and south-north migratory movements that occurred as a result of the closure of the Isthmus of Panama, a process known as the Great American Biotic Exchange (GABI). Among this characteristic fauna are the superorder of placental mammals of the Xenarthra (anteaters, armadillos and sloths), characterized by anatomical peculiarities exclusive to the group. Sloths are grouped in the Folivora suborder, belonging to the Pilosa order, which includes the arboreal sloths, with both extant and fossil representatives, and the ground sloths, exclusively fossil. The rich record of ground sloths in South America shows the diversity reached by the group illustrated by the wide range of sizes, types of diets and locomotion. Its evolution and distribution patterns were conditioned by the orography, climate and migration events which are not yet fully clarified...
The prolonged isolation of the South American subcontinent for almost 100 million years allowed the development of its own mammalian fauna that was affected some 3million years ago by the north-south and south-north migratory movements that occurred as a result of the closure of the Isthmus of Panama, a process known as the Great American Biotic Exchange (GABI). Among this characteristic fauna are the superorder of placental mammals of the Xenarthra (anteaters, armadillos and sloths), characterized by anatomical peculiarities exclusive to the group. Sloths are grouped in the Folivora suborder, belonging to the Pilosa order, which includes the arboreal sloths, with both extant and fossil representatives, and the ground sloths, exclusively fossil. The rich record of ground sloths in South America shows the diversity reached by the group illustrated by the wide range of sizes, types of diets and locomotion. Its evolution and distribution patterns were conditioned by the orography, climate and migration events which are not yet fully clarified...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, leída el 09-05-2022