Evolución de la respuesta inmune humoral frente a SARS-CoV-2 : Análisis longitudinal del impacto de la infección y la vacunación entre 2020-2023
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2025
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15/07/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 ha supuesto un reto sin precedentes en el ámbito de la inmunología y la salud pública, poniendo de manifiesto la necesidad de comprender en profundidad la respuesta inmunitaria inducida por la infección y la vacunación. La inmunidad humoral, mediada por anticuerpos neutralizantes, juega un papel clave en la protección contra la infección y la enfermedad grave. Sin embargo, la magnitud y amplitud de la respuesta generada varían en función del historial inmunológico previo de cada individuo. Mientras que los individuos Naïve (sin infección previa) dependen exclusivamente de la inmunización vacunal, los convalecientes poseen una inmunidad híbrida, resultado de la combinación de la infección y la vacunación. En este contexto, la presente tesis doctoral ha evaluado la respuesta inmunitaria humoral frente a distintos estímulos antigénicos, incluyendo la vacunación, la infección de brecha y la reinfección, con el fin de determinar el impacto del historial de exposición en la magnitud, amplitud y persistencia de la respuesta neutralizante...
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge in the fields of immunology and public health, highlighting the critical need to deepen our understanding of the immune response elicited by both infection and vaccination. Humoral immunity, mediated by neutralizing antibodies, plays a pivotal role in protecting against infection and the development of severe disease. However, the magnitude and breadth of the antibody response vary significantly depending on the individual’s prior immunological history. While naïve individuals—those without previous exposure to the virus—rely exclusively on vaccine-induced immunity, convalescent individuals exhibit a hybrid immune profile resulting from the combination of natural infection and subsequent vaccination. Within this framework, the present doctoral thesis has evaluated the humoral immune response to various antigenic stimuli, including vaccination, breakthrough infection, and reinfection, with the aim of determining the impact of exposure history on the magnitude, breadth, and durability of the neutralizing antibody response...
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge in the fields of immunology and public health, highlighting the critical need to deepen our understanding of the immune response elicited by both infection and vaccination. Humoral immunity, mediated by neutralizing antibodies, plays a pivotal role in protecting against infection and the development of severe disease. However, the magnitude and breadth of the antibody response vary significantly depending on the individual’s prior immunological history. While naïve individuals—those without previous exposure to the virus—rely exclusively on vaccine-induced immunity, convalescent individuals exhibit a hybrid immune profile resulting from the combination of natural infection and subsequent vaccination. Within this framework, the present doctoral thesis has evaluated the humoral immune response to various antigenic stimuli, including vaccination, breakthrough infection, and reinfection, with the aim of determining the impact of exposure history on the magnitude, breadth, and durability of the neutralizing antibody response...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 15-07-2025













