Personalidad, bienestar y salud en jóvenes de 20 a 30 años

Abstract

Aunque hay muchos trabajos que han examinado la personalidad y sus diversas facetas, sólo algunos se han centrado en el análisis de la relación entre distintas Escalas y medidas que evalúan dimensiones y cualidades complementarias de la personalidad. El bienestar subjetivo es un constructo de gran interés en Psicología en general y en las Ciencias de la salud en particular. A pesar de su relevancia en este ámbito, hay muy pocos estudios que hayan explorado la relación entre la personalidad, el bienestar subjetivo y la salud. La idea de que la personalidad puede estar relacionada no solo con el bienestar subjetivo, sino con la salud física resulta intuitiva, sin embargo, la investigación empírica que da sustento a esa posibilidad ha sido fragmentaria y relativamente escasa. Los objetivos de esta tesis se han articulado en torno a estas cuestiones y a la posibilidad de contribuir a documentar empíricamente la relación que pueda existir entre todos los constructos mencionados. La investigación se ha llevado a cabo en una muestra de 246 jóvenes de 20 a 30 años de edad. La evaluación de la personalidad se realizó a través de diversos instrumentos: el NEO PI-R, para analizar la personalidad en función de los Cinco Grandes factores; el AF5, para analizar el autoconcepto/autoestima, y, finalmente, una Entrevista personalizada que ha recogido información complementaria sobre los hábitos de vida, la biografía emocional y familiar, y diversos marcadores psicológicos relevantes para el estudio de diferentes dimensiones de la personalidad. La valoración del bienestar subjetivo se hizo con la Escala SWLS, que evalúa la satisfacción con la vida...

Several studies have examined personality and its different facets. However, only few have focused on the analysis of the relationship between different scales and measures that assess dimensions and complementary skills of personality. Subjective well-being is a construct of great interest both in the field of Psychology and in health sciences in particular. Despite its importance, few studies have explored the relationship between personality and subjective well-being and health. The idea that personality may be related not only to the subjective well-being, but also to physical health is intuitive. However, empirical research supporting this possibility has been found to be highly disjointed and relatively scarce. The objectives of this thesis are articulated around these issues and towards the possibility of contributing to empirically document the relationship that may exist between all the constructs previously mentioned. The research was conducted on a sample of 246 youths from 20 to 30 years old. The study of personality was conducted through various assessment instruments: the NEO PI-R, in order to analyze personality in terms of the Big Five factors; the AF5 to evaluate self-concept / self-esteem, and finally, a personal interview to gather complementary information on lifestyle, emotional and family life, as well as diverse relevant psychological markers for the study of different dimensions of personality. Subjective well-being was assessed through the SWLS scale, which measures satisfaction with life. The interviews and analytics from which information on markers of immune and neuroendocrine systems was extracted, were performed on a subsample of 114 participants. These were selected based on the scores they obtained in the neuroticism factor. This variable was used because, as it has been proved, it is one of the most related ones to well-being and health...