Reprogramación directa de fibroblastos humanos para modelar la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica in vitro
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2025
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17/06/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Una limitación importante para estudiar las enfermedades neurodegenerativas es la dificultad de obtener células y tejidos neuronales humanos vivos. En este sentido, en las últimas décadas se han utilizado enfoques de reprogramación basados en células madre pluripotentes inducidas (del inglés “iPSC”) que permiten obtener y estudiar células de diversos linajes, así como pseudotejidos u organoides de origen humano in vitro. Sin embargo, estas técnicas son muy costosas, y precisan de tiempos de trabajo extremadamente largos. Además, la adquisición de la pluripotencia conduce a un reinicio de la edad celular, lo que es particularmente desfavorable para modelar enfermedades humanas que normalmente se manifiestan en edades tardías. En el presente estudio doctoral, titulado "Reprogramación directa de fibroblastos humanos para modelar la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica in vitro", utilizamos técnicas de conversión del destino celular, para desarrollar un modelo de esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA), una enfermedad humana mortal, caracterizada por la degeneración de neuronas motoras y atrofia del músculo esquelético. A pesar de los avances en la investigación, hasta la fecha, los mecanismos patológicos subyacentes de esta enfermedad se desconocen en gran medida y no existe curación para ella...
An important limitation for studying neurodegenerative disorders is that living human neural cells and tissues are not easy to obtain. In the last decades, iPSC based reprogramming approaches have commonly provided opportunities to obtain cells from distinct lineages, such as pseudo-tissues and organoids, for investigation of inaccessible human cells in vitro. However, these techniques are laborious, and running on an extremely long-time scale. In addition, the acquisition of pluripotency leads to a reseting of the cellular age, which is particularly adverse to model late-onset human disorders. In this PhD study titled “Direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts to model Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in vitro”, we propose direct cell-fate techniques to model Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a fatal human disease, typically characterized by selective degeneration of motor neurons and skeletal muscle atrophy. Despite advances in research, to date, the underlying pathological mechanisms are largely unknown, and no cure is available...
An important limitation for studying neurodegenerative disorders is that living human neural cells and tissues are not easy to obtain. In the last decades, iPSC based reprogramming approaches have commonly provided opportunities to obtain cells from distinct lineages, such as pseudo-tissues and organoids, for investigation of inaccessible human cells in vitro. However, these techniques are laborious, and running on an extremely long-time scale. In addition, the acquisition of pluripotency leads to a reseting of the cellular age, which is particularly adverse to model late-onset human disorders. In this PhD study titled “Direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts to model Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in vitro”, we propose direct cell-fate techniques to model Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a fatal human disease, typically characterized by selective degeneration of motor neurons and skeletal muscle atrophy. Despite advances in research, to date, the underlying pathological mechanisms are largely unknown, and no cure is available...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 17-06-2024