Pasarse del otro lado del conocimiento: Lyotard y Foucault entre la retórica y la sofística
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2020
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Massó Castilla J. (2020). ’Pasarse del otro lado del conocimiento’: Lyotard y Foucault entre la retórica y la sofística. Logos. Anales del Seminario de Metafísica, 53, 247-264. https://doi.org/10.5209/asem.70847
Abstract
Casi de manera simultánea, en los comienzos del llamado post-estructuralismo los filósofos franceses Michel Foucault y Jean-François Lyotard se interesaron por la sofística. El primero mantuvo la clásica confrontación entre el pensamiento filosófico y el sofístico con vistas a afianzar su propio planteamiento sobre la cuestión de la “verdad”, mientras que el segundo autor intentó derribar las fronteras entre ambos saberes. Lo que estaba en juego en estas dos lecturas enfrentadas era una reflexión sobre los medios de que dispone la filosofía para intervenir en el ámbito político. Para Foucault, es el decirle la verdad al político “parresiásticamente” lo que caracteriza al filósofo frente al taimado sofista y garantiza una influencia en un gobierno de la polis recto. En cambio Lyotard, a partir de su idea de la política “pagana”, creía necesario operar un giro sofístico sobre la filosofía para que ésta, desde una posición no exterior a la política, pueda suscitar transformaciones de otro modo imposibles. Este artículo analiza las lecturas que de la sofística ofrecieron los dos pensadores franceses, mostrando su originalidad y relevancia para el panorama filosófico contemporáneo.
Almost simultaneously, at the beginning of the so-called post-structuralism, French philosophers Michel Foucault and Jean-François Lyotard became interested in sophistry. Just as he first maintained the classic confrontation between philosophical and sophistry thinking with a view to consolidating his own approach to the question of “truth”, the second author tried to tear down the boundaries between both knowledge. What was at stake in these two conflicting readings was a reflection on the means available to Philosophy to intervene in the political sphere. For Foucault, it is telling the truth to the politician “in a parrhesiastical way” what characterizes the philosopher in front of sophists and guarantees an influence in a government of the straight polis. On the other hand, Lyotard, from his idea of “pagan” politics, believes it is necessary to operate a sophistical turn on philosophy so that it, from a position no longer outside, as an advisor, of politics can bring about otherwise impossible transformations. This article analyzes the readings that the two French thinkers offered from Sophistry and have so far received little attention.
Almost simultaneously, at the beginning of the so-called post-structuralism, French philosophers Michel Foucault and Jean-François Lyotard became interested in sophistry. Just as he first maintained the classic confrontation between philosophical and sophistry thinking with a view to consolidating his own approach to the question of “truth”, the second author tried to tear down the boundaries between both knowledge. What was at stake in these two conflicting readings was a reflection on the means available to Philosophy to intervene in the political sphere. For Foucault, it is telling the truth to the politician “in a parrhesiastical way” what characterizes the philosopher in front of sophists and guarantees an influence in a government of the straight polis. On the other hand, Lyotard, from his idea of “pagan” politics, believes it is necessary to operate a sophistical turn on philosophy so that it, from a position no longer outside, as an advisor, of politics can bring about otherwise impossible transformations. This article analyzes the readings that the two French thinkers offered from Sophistry and have so far received little attention.
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Recibido: 17 de septiembre de 2019 / Aceptado: 5 de abril de 2020.











