The impact of remote working on residential mobility in the metropolitan region of Madrid

Abstract

Large cities are facing the interlocked effects of multiple crises. In particular, the pandemic crisis induced residential relocation changes with the support of remote working. Nevertheless, the spatial implications involved remain unclear due to a lack of studies empirically integrating this variable. This research aims to study the impact of remote working on residential changes in Madrid in the period 2019–2021 ceteris paribus other residential relocation determinants, i.e. distance to the workplace, dwelling attributes, transport facilities and amenities. A local indicator of propensity to remote working is estimated using the complete administrative registry of the Social Security Office. We conclude that remote working impacts significantly on the relocation of young and middle-aged adults, although some of them may stay in their location to take advantage of agglomeration economies and social interaction. In particular, remote working impacts significantly on movement from the core city to suburban and rural areas, whereas evidence for movement in the opposite direction is less conclusive. In addition to digital connectivity and remote working, the availability of certain amenities can attract and retain these individuals. The research allows us to reflect on implications for housing affordability and for urban planning and policy intervention.