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Validity and repeatability of a new test for aniseikonia

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dc.contributor.authorAntona Peñalba, Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorBarra Lázaro, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorBarrio de Santos, Ana Rosa
dc.contributor.authorGonzález Díaz-Obregón, Enrique
dc.contributor.authorSánchez Pérez, Isabel
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-20T11:02:27Z
dc.date.available2023-06-20T11:02:27Z
dc.date.issued2007-01
dc.descriptionEs un preprint del artículo publicado. El artículo se encuentra en libre acceso en la web del editor.
dc.description.abstractPURPOSE. The Aniseikonia Inspector 1.1 (AI) is a new software product to measure aniseikonia using red-green anaglyphs. The purpose of this study was to test whether the AI is a valid and reliable test. METHODS. There were two groups of sample subjects: one at risk of aniseikonia, with anisometropia greater than or equal to 1.00 D (n = 29), and a control group (n = 45). The validity was studied by comparing the measured aniseikonia with the aniseikonia simulated with size lenses. The reliability was estimated by the Bland-Altman statistical method. RESULTS. The results showed that the AI underestimated aniseikonia and that the underestimation was greater in the horizontal than in the vertical direction. The reliability was low, with biases that were clinically insignificant, but the 95% limits of agreement were around +/- 2%. The behavior of the test was similar in both groups of subjects. CONCLUSIONS. The reliability of the AI is only moderate, and professionals are therefore warned to use the results of this test with caution.
dc.description.departmentDepto. de Optometría y Visión
dc.description.facultyFac. de Óptica y Optometría
dc.description.refereedFALSE
dc.description.statuspub
dc.eprint.idhttps://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/34250
dc.identifier.doi10.1167/iovs.05-0575
dc.identifier.issn0146-0404
dc.identifier.officialurlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.05-0575
dc.identifier.relatedurlhttp://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2163806
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/51633
dc.issue.number1
dc.journal.titleInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
dc.language.isoeng
dc.page.final62
dc.page.initial58
dc.publisherThe Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
dc.rights.accessRightsopen access
dc.subject.cdu617.753.6
dc.subject.cdu617.75-07
dc.subject.keywordClinical- significance
dc.subject.keywordAnisometropia
dc.subject.keywordManagement
dc.subject.ucmOptometría
dc.subject.ucmÓptica fisiológica
dc.subject.ucmÓptica geométrica e instrumental
dc.subject.unesco2209.15 Optometría
dc.subject.unesco2209.06 Óptica geométrica
dc.titleValidity and repeatability of a new test for aniseikonia
dc.typejournal article
dc.volume.number48
dcterms.references1. Burian HM. Clinical significance of aniseikonia. Arch Ophthalmol. 1943;29:116–133. 2. Jiménez JR, Ponce A, Anera RG. Induced aniseikonia diminishes binocular contrast sensitivity and binocular summation. Optom Vis Sci. 2004;81:559–562. 3. Benjamin W. Borish’s Clinical Refraction. 1998;1142–1159.WS Saunders Philadelphia. 4. Remole A, Robertson KM. Aniseikonia and Anisophoria: Current Concepts and Clinical Implications. 1996;Runstone Waterloo, IA. 5. Sorsby A, Leary GA, Richards MJ. The optical components in anisometropia. Vision Res. 1962;2:43–51. 6. Bradley A, Rabin J, Freeman RD. Non-optical determinants of aniseikonia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1983;24:507–512. 7. Taylor Kulp MA. Patients with anisometropia and aniseikonia.BenjaminW eds. Borish’s Clinical Refraction. 1998;1134–1157.WB Saunders Philadelphia. 8. Achiron LR, Witkin N, Primo S, Broocker G. Contemporary management of aniseikonia. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;41:321–330. 9. Weale RA. On the age-related prevalence of anisometropia. Ophthalmic Res. 2002;34:389–392. 10. Benegas NM, Egbert J, Engel WK, Kushner BJ. Diplopia secondary to aniseikonia associated with macular disease. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:896–899. 11. Enoch JM. Management of aniseikonia after intraocular lens implantation or refractive surgery. J Refract Surg. 1997;13:79–82. 12. Kramer PW, Lubkin V, Pavlica M, Covin R. Symptomatic aniseikonia in unilateral and bilateral pseudophakia: a projection space eikonometer study. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 1999;14:183–190. 13. Lubkin V, Shippman S, Bennett B, et al. Aniseikonia quantification: error rate of rule of thumb estimation. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 1999;14:191–196. 14. Romano PE, von Noorden GK. Knapp’s law and unilateral axial high myopia. Bin Vis Strabismus Q. 1999;14:197–201. 15. Stewart C, Whitte J. Optical correction of aniseikonia in anisometropia can enhance stereoacuity. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 1997;12:31–34. 16. McCormack G, Peli E, Stone P. Differences in test of aniseikonia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33:2063–2067. 17. De Wit GC. Evaluation of a new direct-comparison aniseikonia test. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2003;18:87–94. 18. Bland J, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986;8476:307–310. 19. Harris WF. Representation of dioptric power in Euclidean 3-space. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1991;11:130–136. 20. Bland JM, Altman DG. Measurement in medicine: the analysis of method comparison studies. Statistician. 1983;32:307–317. 21. Reeves BC, Hill AR, Aspinall PA. The clinical significance of change. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1987;7:441–446. 22. Awaya S, Sugawara M, Horibe F, Torii F. The “New Aniseikonia Test” and its clinical application. Acta Soc Ophthalmol Jpn. 1982;86:217–222. 23. Ogle KN. Researches in Binocular Vision. 1964;244.Hafner Publishing Co. New York. 24. Ames A. Aniseikonia: a factor in the functioning of vision. Am J Ophthalmol. 1935;18:1014–1020. [CrossRef] 25. Bannon RE. Incidence of clinically significant aniseikonia. Opt World. 1952;40:32. 26. Hawkswell A. Routine aniseikonic screening. Br J Physiol Optom. 1974;29:126–129. 27. Corliss DA, Rutstein RP, Than TP, et al. Aniseikonia testing in an adult population using a new computerized test, “the Aniseikonia Inspector”. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2005;20:205–216.
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