Efecto del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en la trigliceridemia diurna en población general y en los marcadores plasmáticos de inflamación y de oxidación en población joven

Abstract

[ABSTRACT]Different alcohol beverages have not the same effect on triglyceridemia, inflammation and oxidative stress but this results are controversial and scanty in some aspects. Our objective was to examine the effect of alcohol intake in diurnal triglyceridemia in general population in a free-living situation and its association to usCRP concentrations. Also, we analyse the effect of different alcohol beverages after a fat enriched diet on lipid profile, inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in healthy people in a controlled situation. During 3 days, 273 volunteers measured their own cTG concentrations on six fixed time-points daily and recorded their alcohol intake. The impact of daily alcohol intake (none, low <10g/day; moderate 10-30 g/day; high >30g/day) on cTG was analyzed and stratified for gender. usCRP measurements were collected from 80 subjects from this cohort. Secondly, we have performed a cross-over design in five different weeks. 16 healthy young volunteers received the same oral fat-enriched diet (1486 kcal/m2) and 16 g/m2 of alcohol. In each week the alcoholic beverage was different (red wine, vodka, brandy ,rum). In the control phase, the caloric intake of alcohol was replaced with sugar and water. We measured the levels of serum lipids, usCRP, TNF-α, sPLA2, LPO and TAC. Fasting cTG were similar between the alcohol groups in males. In females fasting cTG were lowest in those with low and moderate alcohol intake and higher in women with high alcohol intake (p <0.05). The mean diurnal triglyceridemia (ΔcTG-AUC), was lower in males with low alcohol intake compared to males with no, moderate or high alcohol intake, when adjusted for age, smoking and BMI (p <0.05). No significant differences were found in females. High alcohol intake was associated to higher usCRP concentrations in females but not in males. usCRP concentrations were associated to alcohol intake and fasting TG in females after adjustment for age, smoking and BMI. Red wine intake was associated with decreased mean change of concentrations of usCRP, TNFα and IL-6 induced by fat enriched diet (p<0,05) nevertheless sPLA2 concentrations were not modified significantly. After red wine intake and a fat enriched diet, total antioxidant capacity was increased compared to control period, rum, brandy and vodka intake (p<0,05). Gender differences were found in the relation between alcohol intake and fasting and diurnal triglyceridemia. Low alcohol intake was associated with decreased diurnal triglyceridemia in males but not in females after adjustment for age, BMI and smoking in a freeliving situation. usCRP has been associated to alcohol intake and fasting TG in females. Moderate red wine intake and not other alcoholic drinks decreased proinflammatory factors and increased total antioxidant capacity in spite of a fat enriched diet intake in healthy young volunteers