Papel de la metilación de H3K9 en la mecánica nuclear y la migración de la leucemia linfoblástica aguda
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2024
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03/03/2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) es el cáncer más común en la edad pediátrica. Se caracteriza por la acumulación de células leucémicas en sangre y su posterior infiltración en otros tejidos. La supervivencia actualmente es superior al 80% con los tratamientos actuales, sin embargo, un porcentaje de los pacientes siguen recayendo y no presenta buen pronóstico; por lo que se necesitan nuevos abordajes y terapias que mejoren la supervivencia y los efectos secundarios de los tratamientos actuales. La migración celular es un proceso celular que es esencial para el desarrollo de los tejidos y la homeostasis celular, pero también desempeña un papel crucial durante otros procesos como la inflamación, respuesta inmunológica y la metástasis en el cáncer. En el proceso de migración celular intervienen numerosos receptores celulares, como las integrinas y receptores que quimioquinas, que juegan un importante en el microambiente tumoral, así como en la progresión e invasión de las células tumorales. Recientemente se ha descrito al núcleo como un componente clave en el proceso de migración, pudiendo tener un papel importante en la infiltración de la LLA. La cromatina es el componente principal del núcleo y sus cambios de conformación, debido a modificaciones epigenéticas, regulan la homeostasis del ADN y podrían afectar a las propiedades biomecánicas del núcleo y a la migración celular...
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in the pediatric age group. It is characterized by the accumulation of leukemic cells in the blood and their subsequentin filtration of other tissues. Survival is currently over 80% with current treatments, however, a percentage of patients still relapse and do not have a good prognosis; therefore, new approaches and therapies are needed to improve survival and side effects of current treatments. Cell migration is a cellular process essential for tissue development, inflammation, immune response and cell homeostasis. It also plays a crucial role during other pathological processes, such as cancer metastasis. Many cell receptors are involved in cell migration, including integrins and chemokine receptors that play an important role in the tumor microenvironment and the invasion of tumor cells. The nucleus has recently been described as a key component in the migration process and may play an important role in the infiltration of ALL. Chromatin is the main component of the nucleus and its conformational changes, due to epigenetic modifications, regulate DNA homeostasis and could affect the biomechanical properties of the nucleus and cell migration...
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in the pediatric age group. It is characterized by the accumulation of leukemic cells in the blood and their subsequentin filtration of other tissues. Survival is currently over 80% with current treatments, however, a percentage of patients still relapse and do not have a good prognosis; therefore, new approaches and therapies are needed to improve survival and side effects of current treatments. Cell migration is a cellular process essential for tissue development, inflammation, immune response and cell homeostasis. It also plays a crucial role during other pathological processes, such as cancer metastasis. Many cell receptors are involved in cell migration, including integrins and chemokine receptors that play an important role in the tumor microenvironment and the invasion of tumor cells. The nucleus has recently been described as a key component in the migration process and may play an important role in the infiltration of ALL. Chromatin is the main component of the nucleus and its conformational changes, due to epigenetic modifications, regulate DNA homeostasis and could affect the biomechanical properties of the nucleus and cell migration...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 03-03-2023