Predicción de la felicidad en el mundo
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2021
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Abstract
Según la RAE (Real Academia Española), la felicidad es un estado de grata satisfacción espiritual. Por tanto, es un factor cualitativo que debido a su alto grado de subjetividad supone un gran obstáculo para su medición. Existen diversos estudios y son varias las encuestas que se llevan a cabo con el fin de poder cuantificar esta variable.
En este trabajo se abarcaron tres objetivos: buscar la relación entre la felicidad y los distintos factores sociales, económicos y políticos; sacar un modelo de predicción y determinar el número de países parecidos entre sí para ayudar en la predicción.
Se manipuló la base de datos del World Happiness Report 2021 añadiendo más variables para intentar mejorar el modelo predictivo. Se tuvieron 3 unidades de análisis derivadas de la felicidad permitiendo, de esta manera, la utilización de los métodos estadísticos Análisis Factorial de Datos Mixtos (AFDM), regresión lineal, regresión logística binaria y K vecinos más próximos (KNN).
Como resultados fueron encontrados relaciones entre la felicidad y las variables input siendo el indicador regional una variable clave para la parte de aprendizaje supervisado. El continente americano y europeo encabezaba el ranking de felicidad más alta mientras que en África están situados los países menos felices.
According to the RAE (Real Academia Española), happiness is a state of pleasant spiritual satisfaction. Therefore, it is a qualitative factor that, due to its high degree of subjectivity, represents a great obstacle to its measurement. There are several studies and surveys that are carried out in order to quantify this variable. Three objectives were covered in this paper: to seek the relationship between happiness and the different social, economic and political factors; pull out a prediction model and determine the number of countries similar to each other to aid in the prediction The World Happiness Report 2021 database was manipulated by adding more variables to try to improve the predictive model. There were 3 units of analysis derived from happiness allowing, in this way, the use of the statistical methods Factorial Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD), linear regression, binary logistic regression and K-nearest neighbours (KNN) As results, relationships were found between happiness and the input variables, with the regional indicator being a key variable for the supervised learning part. American and European continents led the ranking of highest happiness while in Africa are located the least happy countries.
According to the RAE (Real Academia Española), happiness is a state of pleasant spiritual satisfaction. Therefore, it is a qualitative factor that, due to its high degree of subjectivity, represents a great obstacle to its measurement. There are several studies and surveys that are carried out in order to quantify this variable. Three objectives were covered in this paper: to seek the relationship between happiness and the different social, economic and political factors; pull out a prediction model and determine the number of countries similar to each other to aid in the prediction The World Happiness Report 2021 database was manipulated by adding more variables to try to improve the predictive model. There were 3 units of analysis derived from happiness allowing, in this way, the use of the statistical methods Factorial Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD), linear regression, binary logistic regression and K-nearest neighbours (KNN) As results, relationships were found between happiness and the input variables, with the regional indicator being a key variable for the supervised learning part. American and European continents led the ranking of highest happiness while in Africa are located the least happy countries.