Biocatalyzed synthesis of antidiabetic drugs: A review

Abstract

The biocatalyzed production of building blocks for synthesizing drugs is a very attractive research field, because of the sustainability introduced in a synthetic schedule when chemical steps are substituted by biocatalyzed protocols. In this article, we will show how different antidiabetic drugs, for treating diabetes mellitus Type 1 and Type 2, can be more efficiently and effectively synthetized with the help of different types of biocatalysts. The huge overall drug market for these drugs, as well as the great number of people suffering from diabetes (the prevalence of all types of diabetes is growing), makes this topic attractive enough to focus on more efficient synthetic protocols for preparing antidiabetic drugs. Examples covering biocatalyzed synthesis of insulin analogues, sensitizers (PPAR agonists), secretagogues (GLP-1 analogues, GPR119 agonists) and enzyme inhibitors (α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP4-inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors and 11β-HSD1 inhibitors) will be presented.