Estudio de la susceptibilidad genética en la poliposis adenomatosa atenuada
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2024
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24/04/2023
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Abstract
La poliposis adenomatosa (PA) se define como aquella condición en la que un individuo tiene tendencia a desarrollar adenomas a lo largo del colon y/o recto. Los adenomas son lesiones precursoras del cáncer colorrectal (CCR) y, por lo tanto, los individuos que presentan PA tienen un riesgo acumulado de padecer CCR a lo largo de su vida, que oscila entre el 40% y el 100% según la gravedad de la poliposis. Clínicamente, suele clasificarse según la carga de adenomas en poliposis clásica (PAC) (>100) y atenuada (PAA) (10-100). La mayoría de las PAC se explican por variantes germinales en el gen APC o en el gen MUTYH. Sin embargo, las alteraciones en estos genes tan solo explican el 10-20% de las PAA, población que representa una fracción importante en las consultas de Consejo Genético (CCG) y que ha ido en aumento en los últimos años debido a la implantación de los programas de cribado colorrectal y la mejora en la sensibilidad de las técnicas de imagen...
Adenomatous Polyposis (AP) is that condition in which an individual tends to develop adenomatous polyps (adenomas) throughout the colon and/or rectum. Adenomas are precursor lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC) and, therefore, individuals with AP have a cumulative risk of developing CRC that ranges from 40% to 100% depending on the severity of the polyposis. Clinically, AP can classify according to the adenoma burden into classic (>100) and attenuated (AAP) (10-100). The most severe cases are generally due to germline alterations in the APC gene or germline biallelic variants in the MUTYH gene. However, alterations in these genes can only explain for 10-20% of AAP. This population represents a significant fraction in Genetic Counseling Units (GCU), and it has increased significantly in recent years due to the implementation of colorectal screening programs and the improvement in the sensitivity of imaging techniques...
Adenomatous Polyposis (AP) is that condition in which an individual tends to develop adenomatous polyps (adenomas) throughout the colon and/or rectum. Adenomas are precursor lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC) and, therefore, individuals with AP have a cumulative risk of developing CRC that ranges from 40% to 100% depending on the severity of the polyposis. Clinically, AP can classify according to the adenoma burden into classic (>100) and attenuated (AAP) (10-100). The most severe cases are generally due to germline alterations in the APC gene or germline biallelic variants in the MUTYH gene. However, alterations in these genes can only explain for 10-20% of AAP. This population represents a significant fraction in Genetic Counseling Units (GCU), and it has increased significantly in recent years due to the implementation of colorectal screening programs and the improvement in the sensitivity of imaging techniques...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 24-04-2023