El derecho de asilo en España: estudio jurisprudencial sobre su posible otorgamiento a los perseguidos por "las maras centroamericanas"
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2017
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Real Centro Universitario Escorial-María Cristina
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Abstract
El derecho de asilo constituye un elemento central en nuestros días para la vigencia de los derechos fundamentales en la comunidad internacional. Dentro de su ámbito, uno de los fenómenos más recientes viene determinado por el recurso a dicha institución por parte de quienes se trasladan a España procedentes del área centroamericana alegando su condición de perseguidos por las maras de aquellos países. Las características propias del régimen del asilo y la protección subsidiaria aparecen entonces en toda su virtualidad ya que la petición instada cuenta con la dificultad de apoyarse, las más de las veces, en un relato de persecución procedente de personas distintas a las autoridades estatales. Encontrándose, a su vez, fundamentada en una motivación relacionada con el crimen organizado y, por lo tanto, en principio, ajena a la Institución de asilo. Añadiéndose a lo anterior las dificultades probatorias de quien se encuentra amenazado por agentes de organizaciones clandestinas. La regulación legal del asilo, no obstante, permite entroncar las peticiones de esta clase con el fundamento de la institución. Lo que, en última instancia, hace depender su reconocimiento de la acreditación por el peticionario de una actitud de pasividad, cuando no de connivencia, con la actividad delictiva por parte de las fuerzas de seguridad y de los responsables estatales de los países de origen.
Nowdays, asylum right represents a central element for human rights validity. As part of it, the applications of those who come to Spain from Central America pleading be victims of “maras activity” constitutes one of the most recent phenomenon about this legal institution. Own characteristics of asylum regulation and subsidiary protection turn up in its entire virtuality as the submitted application takes in account the difficulty that represent to be founded, most of times, in a prosecution story coming from people non linked with governamental structures. Asylum petition, simultaneously, is established in a motivation link with criminal organizations and, therefore, aside from asylum institution. Adding to previous arguments, the proof difficulties of the one who is threated by clandestines gangs. Asylum legal regulation, nevertheless, allows link these tipe of applications with the really basis of the institution. The recognition of the petition depens, in the end, of the inquiry activity displayed by the applicant for evidencing a passiveattitude from state security forces and governamental authorities of their own nationality.
Nowdays, asylum right represents a central element for human rights validity. As part of it, the applications of those who come to Spain from Central America pleading be victims of “maras activity” constitutes one of the most recent phenomenon about this legal institution. Own characteristics of asylum regulation and subsidiary protection turn up in its entire virtuality as the submitted application takes in account the difficulty that represent to be founded, most of times, in a prosecution story coming from people non linked with governamental structures. Asylum petition, simultaneously, is established in a motivation link with criminal organizations and, therefore, aside from asylum institution. Adding to previous arguments, the proof difficulties of the one who is threated by clandestines gangs. Asylum legal regulation, nevertheless, allows link these tipe of applications with the really basis of the institution. The recognition of the petition depens, in the end, of the inquiry activity displayed by the applicant for evidencing a passiveattitude from state security forces and governamental authorities of their own nationality.