Paremias en la música española actual : análisis de números 1 de «LOS40» en el año 2023
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Publication date
2024
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Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
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Cases Berbel, Elke. «Paremias en la música española actual : análisis de números 1 de "LOS40" en el año 2023». Romanica Olomucensia, vol. 36, n.º 2, 2024, pp. 225-38. www.romanica.upol.cz, https://doi.org/10.5507/ro.2024.019.
Abstract
RESUMEN:
La música posee una enorme importancia en el desarrollo del ser humano y, al igual que las paremias, se alimenta del acervo cultural y sirve para expresar emociones, críticas o juicios de valor. Como las canciones actuales hacen uso del lenguaje moderno, estudiar la presencia de paremias nos podrá indicar si la población española más joven usa o no este tipo de unidad fraseológica (UF) en su día a día. Para llevar a cabo dicho estudio, hemos seleccionado como corpus todas las canciones españolas que alcanzaron lo más alto de la lista de «LOS40», la cadena de radio musical líder en España. Una vez extraídas todas, las hemos dividido en paremias inalteradas, desautomatizadas y simuladas. Las desautomatizadas se han clasificado a su vez por su forma de desautomatizar: por añadidura, por sustitución, por permutación y por reducción. Una vez realizado el análisis de todas las paremias extraídas, vemos que las canciones buscan la presencia de paremias para evocar la memoria paremiológica colectiva, pero casi siempre a través de una manipulación creativa, ya sea por medio de la desautomatización o de un refrán simulado. Para la creación del refrán simulado hacen uso de diversos recursos estilísticos para seguir la métrica poética que también sigue el refrán, así como su estructura bimembre. En resumen, las canciones analizadas procuran el uso de paremias (un 47 % de las canciones presentaban alguna), aunque, debido al espíritu joven e inconformista, procuran transgredir la fórmula habitual y darle un efecto innovador, humorístico o transformador.
ABSTRACT: Music plays an important role in the development of human beings and, similarly to paremias, it is nourished by cultural heritage and serves to express emotions, criticisms, or value judgements. As current songs make use of modern language, studying the presence of paremias will indicate if the members of the younger Spanish population use this type of phraseological unit (PU) in their daily lives. To carry out this study, all the Spanish songs that reached the top of the list of «LOS40», the leading music radio station in Spain, were selected as a corpus. Once all the paremias had been extracted, they were divided into unaltered paremias, anti-proverbs, and simulated paremias. The anti-proverbs were classified according to the way they are de-automatised: by addition, by substitution, by permutation, and by reduction. Once the analysis of all the extracted paremias had been carried out, it was observed that the songs seek the presence of paremias to evoke the collective paremiological memory, but almost always through creative manipulation, either by means of deautomatisation (i.e. by anti-proverbs) or by means of a simulated proverb. For the creation of the simulated proverb, they make use of various stylistic resources to follow the poetic metre also used by the proverb, as well as its characteristic two-member structure. To sum up, the songs that were analysed seek to use paremias (47% of the songs had some), although because of their young and non-conformist spirit, they try to subvert the usual formula and give it an innovative, humorous, or transformative effect.
ABSTRACT: Music plays an important role in the development of human beings and, similarly to paremias, it is nourished by cultural heritage and serves to express emotions, criticisms, or value judgements. As current songs make use of modern language, studying the presence of paremias will indicate if the members of the younger Spanish population use this type of phraseological unit (PU) in their daily lives. To carry out this study, all the Spanish songs that reached the top of the list of «LOS40», the leading music radio station in Spain, were selected as a corpus. Once all the paremias had been extracted, they were divided into unaltered paremias, anti-proverbs, and simulated paremias. The anti-proverbs were classified according to the way they are de-automatised: by addition, by substitution, by permutation, and by reduction. Once the analysis of all the extracted paremias had been carried out, it was observed that the songs seek the presence of paremias to evoke the collective paremiological memory, but almost always through creative manipulation, either by means of deautomatisation (i.e. by anti-proverbs) or by means of a simulated proverb. For the creation of the simulated proverb, they make use of various stylistic resources to follow the poetic metre also used by the proverb, as well as its characteristic two-member structure. To sum up, the songs that were analysed seek to use paremias (47% of the songs had some), although because of their young and non-conformist spirit, they try to subvert the usual formula and give it an innovative, humorous, or transformative effect.