Ciudadanos melancólicos: narrativas emocionales sobre la inmigración en el Bilbao franquista
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2023
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Martínez Del Campo, Luis G. «Ciudadanos melancólicos. Narrativas emocionales sobre la inmigración en el Bilbao franquista». Investigaciones Históricas. Época Moderna y Contemporánea, n.o 43 (21 de diciembre de 2023): 209-35. https://doi.org/10.24197/ihemc.43.2023.209-235.
Abstract
Este trabajo estudia la compleja relación entre emociones y migraciones interiores durante el franquismo, mediante el caso de Bilbao a finales de los años 50 y principios de los 60. Aquí defiendo que las dificultades habitacionales que los inmigrantes sufrieron inicialmente generaron narrativas públicas que convertían el fenómeno de la movilidad humana en un problema emocional que avergonzaba a la sociedad receptora y a los recién llegados. En esta retórica, los nuevos bilbaínos eran presentados como sujetos melancólicos, quienes, para redimirse de su tristeza, debían adaptarse a la alegría civilizatoria de la ciudad. Su integración social implicó superar su precariedad material, pero también transformar la vergüenza en orgullo.
Abstract: This paper explores the complex relationship between emotions and domestic migration in the Franco era, with a special focus on the case of Bilbao in the late 1950s and early 1960s. I argue that immigrants faced housing problems at their arrival, giving room to public narratives that made migration an emotional problem embarrassing both natives and newcomers. These narratives made migrants melancholic citizens, who had to be free of their sadness by aligning themselves with the happiness associated to civic values. Their social integration implied overcoming not only economic precarity, but also shamefulness, which turned into pride. Keywords: Bilbao; domestic migration; Franco regime; emotions; narratives.
Abstract: This paper explores the complex relationship between emotions and domestic migration in the Franco era, with a special focus on the case of Bilbao in the late 1950s and early 1960s. I argue that immigrants faced housing problems at their arrival, giving room to public narratives that made migration an emotional problem embarrassing both natives and newcomers. These narratives made migrants melancholic citizens, who had to be free of their sadness by aligning themselves with the happiness associated to civic values. Their social integration implied overcoming not only economic precarity, but also shamefulness, which turned into pride. Keywords: Bilbao; domestic migration; Franco regime; emotions; narratives.