Efectos del entrenamiento en memoria en personas mayores
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2014
Defense date
16/11/2014
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Abstract
El proceso de envejecimiento lleva consigo diferentes cambios a nivel físico y cognitivo. Durante este proceso tienen lugar ciertos déficits de memoria asociados a la edad, pudiéndose mejorar el rendimiento en tareas de memoria, así como la autopercepción de la misma gracias a entrenamientos centrados en este proceso cognitivo.
El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el efecto de un entrenamiento en memoria sobre el rendimiento objetivo de la misma y quejas subjetivas de los participantes; así como su posible influencia en el afecto y satisfacción con la vida expresados. Además consideramos importante observar las relaciones entre el rendimiento en memoria y quejas subjetivas de los sujetos y ver cómo estas últimas se relacionan con la satisfacción.
En el estudio han participado 38 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre 65 y 80 años, a quienes se ha evaluado su rendimiento en memoria declarativa y visual antes y después del entrenamiento. Ha sido evaluada además, la autopercepción de su memoria, así como el nivel de satisfacción con la vida y afecto expresado. Se ha encontrado tras el entrenamiento, una mejora estadísticamente significativa en recuerdo de historias tanto a corto como a largo plazo; existiendo además una disminución del afecto negativo en el grupo experimental. En cuanto a las quejas subjetivas de memoria, se observa una disminución de las mismas, aunque no significativa en dicho grupo. A la vista de los resultados obtenidos, se considera que la realización del entrenamiento resulta beneficiosa para la mejora de la memoria declarativa.
During the ageing process there are physical and cognitive changes. All through this process, some memory deficits associated with age take place on it. Memory trainings can improve the memory tasks performance, as well as self perception of it. This work's aim is to study the memory training effects at the memory objective performance and the participants' subjective complaints; as well as it's possible influence at the participants' life affection and satisfaction. In addition, we consider important to observe the relationship between the memory objective performance, the subject's subjective complaints and how this one is connected to there satisfaction. 38 subjects from 65 to 80 years old have taken part at this research, whose declarative and visual memory has been evaluated, before and after the memory training. The subjective complaints, the participants' life affection and satisfaction, have been consider too. After the memory training, we have found out a statiscally significative improvement at the remembering process at both short and long term; besides, negative affection decrease at the experimental group. Also at the subjective complaints is a decrease, although it is not significative at this group. As a result, we could consider that doing this kind of trainings will be beneficial in order to upgrade declarative memory.
During the ageing process there are physical and cognitive changes. All through this process, some memory deficits associated with age take place on it. Memory trainings can improve the memory tasks performance, as well as self perception of it. This work's aim is to study the memory training effects at the memory objective performance and the participants' subjective complaints; as well as it's possible influence at the participants' life affection and satisfaction. In addition, we consider important to observe the relationship between the memory objective performance, the subject's subjective complaints and how this one is connected to there satisfaction. 38 subjects from 65 to 80 years old have taken part at this research, whose declarative and visual memory has been evaluated, before and after the memory training. The subjective complaints, the participants' life affection and satisfaction, have been consider too. After the memory training, we have found out a statiscally significative improvement at the remembering process at both short and long term; besides, negative affection decrease at the experimental group. Also at the subjective complaints is a decrease, although it is not significative at this group. As a result, we could consider that doing this kind of trainings will be beneficial in order to upgrade declarative memory.