Sintomatología prefrontal en la vida diaria: evaluación de cribado mediante el inventario de síntomas prefrontales abreviado (ISP-20)
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2015
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Pedrero Pérez, E.J., Ruiz Sánchez de León, J.M., Morales Alonso, S., Pedrero Aguilar, J. & Fernández Méndez., L.M. (2015). Sintomatología prefrontal en la vida diaria: evaluación de cribado mediante el Inventario de Síntomas Prefrontales Abreviado (ISP-20). Revista de Neurología, 60(9), 385-393.
Abstract
Introducción. La estimación de síntomas cotidianos de disfunción frontal se considera imprescindible para aportar validez ecológica a las evaluaciones neuropsicológicas. Los cuestionarios disponibles fueron construidos para estimar problemas ejecutivos en la vida diaria en poblaciones con daño neurológico. Se requieren instrumentos enfocados a medir de estos comportamientos en población general o en poblaciones clínicas con fallos leves o moderados. Objetivo. Estudiar la validez factorial y encontrar indicios de validez concurrente de la versión abreviada del Inventario de Síntomas Prefrontales (ISP-20). Procedimiento. Se obtuvieron 3 muestras: la primera, a través de internet (n= 504), la segunda en población no clínica mediante lápiz y papel (n= 1.257) y la tercera de pacientes en tratamiento por adicción a sustancias (n= 602). Se utilizó un método de análisis factorial sin restricciones sobre la primera muestra y los resultados se sometieron a análisis factorial confirmatorio sobre las otras dos muestras. Resultados. La estructura de 3 factores encontrada se confirmó con excelentes indicadores de ajuste en las otras dos muestras. Se hallaron indicios de validez concurrente con pruebas de calidad de vida y salud mental. Discusión. Se propone un cuestionario breve para la detección de fallos de origen prefrontal en la vida diaria, que mejora las cualidades piscométricas de tests similares, pero orientados a patologías neurológicas graves. La estabilidad estructural de la prueba garantiza la utilidad en población general, para la detección precoz del deterioro cognitivo, y en poblaciones clínicas con deterioro leve o moderado. Se proponen baremos para la interpretación de resultados.
Introduction. Estimation of daily symptoms of frontal dysfunction is considered to be essential in order to endow neuropsychological assessments with ecological validity. The questionnaires available today were constructed to estimate executive problems in daily life in populations with neurological damage. There is a need for instruments focused on measuring these behaviours in the general population or in clinical populations with mild or moderate impairment. Aim. To examine the factorial validity and to find evidence of concurrent validity of the short version of the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory. Subjects and methods. Three samples were obtained: the first, from the Internet (n = 504); the second, in a non-clinical population by means of paper and pencil (n = 1,257); and the third, from patients being treated for substance addiction (n = 602). A factorial analysis without restraints was used on the first sample and the results were submitted to confirmatory factorial analysis on the other two samples. Results. The three-factor structure that was found was confirmed with excellent indicators of fit in the other two samples. Evidence of concurrent validity was found with quality of life and mental health tests. Conclusions. We propose a short questionnaire for detecting failures of a prefrontal origin in daily living, which improves on the psychometric qualities of similar tests, but is oriented towards severe neurological pathologies. The structural stability of the test ensures it can be used in the general population, for the early detection of cognitive impairment, and in clinical populations with mild or moderate deterioration. A set of criteria are proposed for use in interpreting the results.
Introduction. Estimation of daily symptoms of frontal dysfunction is considered to be essential in order to endow neuropsychological assessments with ecological validity. The questionnaires available today were constructed to estimate executive problems in daily life in populations with neurological damage. There is a need for instruments focused on measuring these behaviours in the general population or in clinical populations with mild or moderate impairment. Aim. To examine the factorial validity and to find evidence of concurrent validity of the short version of the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory. Subjects and methods. Three samples were obtained: the first, from the Internet (n = 504); the second, in a non-clinical population by means of paper and pencil (n = 1,257); and the third, from patients being treated for substance addiction (n = 602). A factorial analysis without restraints was used on the first sample and the results were submitted to confirmatory factorial analysis on the other two samples. Results. The three-factor structure that was found was confirmed with excellent indicators of fit in the other two samples. Evidence of concurrent validity was found with quality of life and mental health tests. Conclusions. We propose a short questionnaire for detecting failures of a prefrontal origin in daily living, which improves on the psychometric qualities of similar tests, but is oriented towards severe neurological pathologies. The structural stability of the test ensures it can be used in the general population, for the early detection of cognitive impairment, and in clinical populations with mild or moderate deterioration. A set of criteria are proposed for use in interpreting the results.
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Contiene anexo: Inventario de síntomas prefrontales abreviado (ISP-20).













