Person: Martín Chivelet, Javier
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First Name
Javier
Last Name
Martín Chivelet
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Geológicas
Department
Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología
Area
Estratigrafía
Identifiers
15 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 15
Item Earthquake-induced soft-sediment deformation structures in Upper Jurassic open-marine microbialites (Neuquén Basin, Argentina)(Sedimentary Geology, 2011) Martín Chivelet, Javier; Palma, Ricardo Manuel; López Gómez, José; Kietzmann, Diego A.Penecontemporaneous decimetre-scale soft-sediment deformation structures are reported from the basal part of the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Vaca Muerta Formation, in the Malargüe–Las Leñas area of the back-arc Neuquén Basin (Mendoza Province, Central Andes). The deformed interval (Amarillas bed) is only 0.3 to 0.9 m thick but occurs in a wide area, larger than 1500 km2. Its age, determined by ammonite biostratigraphy, is Early Tithonian. The soft-sediment deformation structures were generated in finely laminated, partially consolidated, organicrich, carbonate microbialites that were deposited in open-marine, poorly oxygenated settings, apparently devoid of any significant slope. Those structures include boudins of different sizes and complexity, a variety of folds, normal (listric) dm-scale faults, sub-horizontal detachment surfaces and other features, which are part of several larger-scale, complex slump structures. Deformation was dominantly plastic but near to the ductile–brittle field transition. On the basis of the observed soft-deformation structures, their geographic distribution, their lateral homogeneity, and the geodynamic framework of the basin in which it was generated, the Amarillas bed can be tentatively attributed to a large, intermediate-depth earthquake that occurred within the plate that subducted beneath the Andean continental margin and the Neuquén back-arc basin.Item Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of a Tithonian–Valanginian carbonate ramp (Vaca Muerta Formation): A misunderstood exceptional source rock in the Southern Mendoza area of the Neuquén Basin, Argentina(Sedimentary geology, 2014) Kietzmann, Diego A.; Palma, Ricardo Manuel; Riccardi, A.C.; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, JoséThe Vaca Muerta Formation (early Tithonian–early Valanginian) is a rhythmic succession of marls and limestones, cropping out in the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina. This lithostratigraphic unit was traditionally interpreted as basinal to slope deposits. Detailed facies analysis allows to differentiate seven facies associations, representing basinal to middle ramp facies of a homoclinal ramp system prograding westward from the eastern margin, and slope facies attributed to a distally steepened rampsystemthat progrades eastward fromthe Andean volcanic arc in the west. Two sequence hierarchies are recognized: five third order depositional sequences, and fifteen fourth order high-frequency sequences. Fluctuations in organic matter content within the Vaca Muerta Formation suggest relationship with depositional sequences, finding the highest values associated with transgressive systemtracts. This work represents an important advance in the understanding of the sedimentary and stratigraphic evolution of this exceptional unconventional reservoir. Our sequence stratigraphic approach contributes to the understanding of the relationship between organic matter, facies, and sea-level changes.Item Peritidal cyclic sedimentation from La Manga Formation (Oxfordian), Neuquén Basin, Mendoza, Argentina(Journal of South American earth sciences, 2013) Palma Durán, Ricardo; Kietzmann, Diego A.; Bressan, Graciela Susana; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, José; Farias, María E.; Iglesias Llanos, María P.The La Manga Formation consists of marine carbonates and represents most of the sedimentary record of the Callovian-Oxfordian in the Neuquén Basin. Three localities in the southern Mendoza province were studied and their cyclicity was determined by means of facies analysis and their vertical arrangement. Facies of inner ramp, that were deposited in extremely shallow-water environments with intermittent subaerial exposures have been broken down into shallow subtidal, and intertidalesupratidal environments. Shallow subtidal facies are arranged into decimetre scale upward-hallowing cycles composed of marls, laminated or massive mudstones or bioclastic wackestones and intraclastic wackestone-packstones. Intertidal-supratidal centimetre-scale cycles consist of an upward-shallowing succession of restricted facies, overlaid by horizontal or crinkle microbial laminites, flat pebble conglomerates or breccias beds. The defined cycles show a shallowing upward trend in which the evidence of relative sea-level lowering is accepted. The interpretation of Fischer plots allowed the recognition of changes in accommodation space.Item Palaeoenvironmental significance of middle Oxfordian deep marine deposits from La Manga Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina(Journal of iberian geology, 2014) Palma, R.M.; Bressan, G.S.; Kietzmann, D.A.; Riccardi, A.C.; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, JoséThe Callovian-Oxfordian of the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) is characterized by an extensive marine carbonate system (La Manga Formation) with a predominance of shallow and middle ramp deposits, although locally in tectonically controlled settings, deeper deposits also formed. These middle Oxfordian deeper deposits consist of mudstone-wackestone carbonates alternating with black shales and show marked centimetre-scale rhythmicity, probably controlled by the Earth’s orbit parameters, mainly precession and eccentricity. The present study was designed to examine these deposits in terms of their sedimentology, geochemistry, and small-scale stratigraphy in Arroyo Los Blancos, southern Mendoza Province, where they are exceptionally well exposed and preserved. Results indicate that the sediments were deposited in an anoxic to dysoxic, relatively deep, sea-floor environment as revealed by the presence of: a) organic-rich shales, b) undisrupted lamination in most facies, c) pyrite framboids, and d) absence or scarcity of trace fossils and benthic fauna. Thin beds of graded wackestone-packstone and accumulations of thin shells of Bositra bivalves indicate sporadic reworking of the sea floor by weak currents. Organic petrology, Rock-Eval pyrolysis and thermal maturity indicators were used to characterize TOC and different types of organic matter. Low pyrolysis S yields along with low hydrogen indices suggest poor kerogen convertibility. Vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) ranged from 2.39 to 2.97 with an average of 2.70. The thermal alteration index (TAI) was 4+(5), indicating overmaturity. A tectono-sedimentary model is proposed for these deposits. According to this model, the relatively deep, organic-matter rich facies of La Manga Formation would have been deposited in the deepest zones of topographic lows controlled by tilting and differential subsidence of tectonic blocks bounded by normal faults.These faults were probably inherited from previous extensional tectonics of Late Triassic - Early Jurassic age.Item Architecture and development of the alluvial sediments of the Upper Jurassic Tordillo Formation in the Cañada Ancha Valley, northern Neuquén Basin, Argentina(Sedimentary Geology, 2009) López Gómez, José; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Palma Durán, RicardoThe Upper Jurassic Tordillo Formation at Cañada Ancha area, northern Neuquén Basin, Argentina, comprises a multi-stage suit of predominantly alluvial sediments that is heterolithic in nature. In that suit, several lithofacies, architectural elements, and bounding surfaces of different order have been identified and their lateral and vertical distribution characterized. This analysis allowed the differentiation of 3 main units (lower, middle and upper), 20 subunits (C-1 to C-20), and the characterization of their alluvial styles. The lower unit (which comprises subunits C-1 to C-4) is mainly formed by fine- to medium-grained sandstones, which become medium- to coarse-grained towards the top. These sandstones characterize settings ranging from floodplains with isolated, unconfined flows, to more complex, vertically stacked, multistorey sheet sandstones of braided fluvial systems. The middle unit (C-5 to C-10) is dominated by pale browngrey fine-to coarse-grained sands and medium size subangular to angular conglomerates, which reflect amalgamated complexes of sandstone sheets and downstream accretion macroforms. Remarkably, this alluvial sedimentation was episodically punctuated by volcaniclastic flows. The upper unit (C-11 to C-20) consists of finer sediments, mainly pink to white fine-to medium grained sandstones and red to green siltstones. Towards the top, bioturbation becomes important, and also the presence of volcanosedimentary flows is noticeable. Fluvial settings include braided sheet sandstones with waning flood deposits evolving to isolated high-sinuosity fluvial systems, with flash flood deposits. At the top of this unit, facies may suggest marine influence. Vertical changes in the fluvial style result from both climatic and tectonic controls. A semiarid to arid climate and the active tectonism linked to the eastward migration of the Andean volcanic arc determined major bounding surfaces, fluvial style evolution and the presence of the volcano-sedimentary deposits. Different stages of high and low subsidence rates has been deduced from the vertical stacking of sediments.Item Western Tethys continental-marine responses to the Carnian Humid Episode: Palaeoclimatic and palaeogeographic implications(Global and Planetary Change, 2017) López Gómez, José; Escudero Mozo, María José; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Arche, Alfredo; Lago San José, Marceliano; Galé, CarlosThis case-study examines correlations in the continental-marine sedimentary record for the Late Triassic Carnian Humid Episode in the western Tethys domain of present-day E Spain and islands of Majorca and Minorca. The study area was divided into five sectors from west to east. Sectors 1 to 3 comprise the continental sedimentary record of this humid episode in eastern Iberia, which is represented by the three subunits (K-2.1, K-2.2 and K-2.3) of the K-2 Fm or Manuel Fm; each subunit records a fluvial episode with marine intercalations in distal areas. Sector 4 corresponds to Majorca Island and represents volcaniclastic input into a marginal continentalmarine transitional environment. Finally, sector 5 on Minorca Island comprises a karst surface developed on middle ramp deposits of the Arenal d'en Castell Fm, and separating this formation from the overlying Fontanelles Fm. Based on the ages of the units, estimated through palynomorph assemblages and ammonites, the Carnian Humid. Episode was located in both the continental and marine sedimentary records. A detailed sedimentary study focused on facies analysis identified allogenic controls on both continental and marine records. Hence, in continental areas influenced by sea-level fluctuations, fluvial deposits appear integrated within standard lowstand, transgressive and highstand system tracts. This connection based on sedimentary sequences and unit ages indicates that subunits K-2.1 and K-2.2 are represented by a karst surface on the subaerially exposed shallow marine deposits, while subunit K-2.3 already reflects a return to the normal Late Triassic semi-arid to arid conditions that laterally correspond to the transgressive stage represented by the Fontanelles Fm in sector 5. Late Triassic tectonics activated previously developed N·NE-S·SW and NW-SE conjugate fault lineaments in eastern Iberia. This rifting episode controlled sedimentation in sectors 1 to 3, allowing volcanic activity at the fault lineaments junction in sector 4, and configuring a palaeogeography of elevated and subsiding blocks, which controlled both continental and marine sedimentation in the study area.Item Oxfordian microbial laminites from La Manga Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina: Remarkable nanobacteria preservation(Journal of iberian geology, 2015) Palma Durán, Ricardo; Kietzmann, Diego A.; Comerio, M.; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, José; Bressan, Graciela SusanaExceptionally preserved stromatolites have been found in the shallow marine carbonate facies of the Callovian-Oxfordian La Manga Formation, in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina). The stromatolites exhibit planar and crinkle lamination, often disrupted by sheet-cracks, mudcracks, and fenestral structures, which indicate periodic subaerial exposure. These and other evidences suggest that these stromatolites grew in low energy upper intertidal to lower supratidal environments. They consist of fine micrite/microsparite crystal fabrics (with a remarkable lack of allochems) that define submillimiter alternations of dense laminae. Extensive SEM examinations of polished samples of the stromatolites reveal exceptional preservation of rod-shaped bacteria, coccoid like microorganisms, and abundant aggregates of framboidal pyrite. The rod-like bacteria consists of a network of irregular distributed filaments, which range from 150 nm to an uncommon 640 nm in length; diameters range from 54 nm to 90 nm. Subspherical bodies range in size between 70 and 89 nm. The presence of abundant framboidal pyrites is interpreted as the result of the metabolic activity of sulfate–reducing bacteria and decay of organic matter.Item Middle Triassic carbonate platforms in eastern Iberia: Evolution of their fauna and palaeogeographic significance in the western Tethys(Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2014) Escudero Mozo, María José; Márquez Aliaga, Ana; Goy Goy, Antonio; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, José; Márquez, L.; Arche, Alfredo; Plasencia, P.; Pla Barniol, Carlos; Marzo Carpio, Mariano; Sánchez Fernández, D.This article reports the first integrated study of the Middle Triassic of Iberia, based on the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and fossil fauna of Muschelkalk facies of the Iberian Ranges and the Catalan Coastal Ranges in Spain. On the basis of this study, new palaeogeographic reconstructions of the westernmost Tethys are proposed, and the evolution of the different palaeogeographic domains of Iberia (e.g., Iberian, Mediterranean, and Levantine–Balearic) are described. In these Domains, Muschelkalk facies record the development of wide carbonate platforms that were the consequence of the first two broad marine transgressions of the Mesozoic in Iberia, respectively, late Pelsonian–early Illyrian and late Illyrian–Longobardian. Of these marine incursions, the oldest only manifested in the Mediterranean Triassic domain (Catalan Coastal Ranges and part of the Iberian Ranges),which acted as a Palaeogeographic gulf opening northwards. Most of the fauna related to this first incursion show strong affinities with the Alpine/Germanic bioprovinces, related to the Palaeotethys. In contrast, the second transgressive episode took place in a new regional palaeogeographic setting related to the intra-Pangea dextral shear, and the northward movement of the Cimmerian microcontinent. A rapid sea-level rise induced generalised marine flooding of the Iberian, Mediterranean, and Levantine–Balearic Triassic domains. The resulting carbonate platforms yield fossil assemblages (ammonoids, bivalves, foraminifera and conodonts) that show affinities with those of both the Alpine and Sephardic bioprovinces related to the Neotethys. These assemblages point to a significant increase in diversity during the late Fassanian–Longobardian, possibly related to the prevailing wider connections between the sea corridors, an increased continental run-off and input of nutrients and/or a general cooling of marine waters.Item La faciès Muschelkalk en la franja Mijares-Monserrat (Cordillera Ibérica Meridional, Valencia)(Geotemas, 2005) Sánchez Fernández, D.; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, José; Márquez Aliaga, Ana; Márquez, LeopoldoThe stratigraphical and sedimentological study of the Muschelkalk facies (Middle Triassic) carbonated unit in Mijares-Monserrat sector, (E. Spain), allows the recognition of subunits with different characteristics. The vertical evolution of these subunits represents the transition from alternate inter-subtidal shallow platform environments to inter-supratidal environments. Presence of the bivalves Leptochondria alberti, Bakevellia costata, Entolium discites and "Placunopsis"and the foraminifers Lamelliconus ex gr. ventroplanus-biconvexus, L. multispirus, L. procerus and Triado- discus eomesozoicus indicate a Ladinian-Carnian age in a broad sense. These general characteristics are common of the so- called "Mediterranean Triassic type" and particularly to the upper part of the carbonate unit of the Muschelkalk facies.Item New biostratigraphic data from the Callovian-Oxfordian La Manga Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina: Evidence from an ammonite condensed level(Revue de Paléobiologie, 2012) Palma Durán, Ricardo; Kietzmann, Diego A.; Martín Chivelet, Javier; López Gómez, José; Bressan, Graciela SusanaThe La Manga Formation constitutes most of the sedimentary record of the Callovian-Oxfordian in the Neuquén Basin. This stratigraphic unit represents the middle part of the Lotena Mesosequence, which is dominated by carbonates with interbedded shales, marls, and occasional sandstones. Based on detailed stratigraphic work in the stratotype section (La Manga Creek, Mendoza), the depositional environments and the sea-level history of the La Manga Formation have been interpreted. Petrographic and field observations led to identification of nine facies distributed in two informal units. Unit 1 was deposited on a outer ramp setting, while deposition of unit 2 took place in the intertidal-supratidal environments. A condensed level close to the base of unit 1 has yielded Rehmannia sp., Rehmannia cf. paucicostata (Tornq.) and Homoeoplanulites sp., from the Lower Callovian Bodenbenderi-Proximum Zones, and Peltoceratoides sp. and Rursiceras sp. from the Upper Callovian and also in the Lower Oxfordian Peltoceratoides-Parawedekindia Zone. The condensed level is overlain by a Middle Oxfordian succession characterized by Perisphinctes (?Arisphinctes) sp., Perisphinctes (?Kranaosphinctes) sp., Mirosphinctes sp., Perisphinctes (?Antilloceras) cf. prophetae Gygi & Hill., Perisphinctes (?Otosphinctes) sp., Perisphinctes (?Subdiscosphinctes) sp., and Perisphinctes (?Kranaosphinctes) cf. decurrens (Buck.) of the Perisphinctes-Araucanites Zone, which was correlated with the upper part of the Cordatum Standard Zone to the Transversarium Standard Zone, and probably to the lower part of the Bifurcatus Standard Zone. Unit 2 has yielded small Mirosphinctes sp., indicating an Oxfordian age. The sharp contact between the outer ramp facies of unit 1 and the overlying intertidal-supratidal facies of unit 2 can be interpreted as the result of an abrupt fall (forced regression) of the relative sea level during the end of Middle Oxfordian or Upper Oxfordian. These results could be used for comparison with other localities in the Neuquén Basin providing additional data for Lower Callovian-Middle Oxfordian deposits.