Exploring crystal growth dynamics of calcium carbonate and phosphate in silica gels: effects of phosphate concentration on morphology and composition

Abstract

Calcium carbonate and phosphate crystallization processes are fundamental in both geological and biomineralization contexts (Kuczumow et al., 2022a). This study explores the formation and characteristics of calcium carbonate and phosphate phases grown within a silica hydrogel medium, with particular focus on understanding the effects of phosphate ion concentration on crystal morphology and composition. Utilizing a U-tube setup, the diffusion of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate solutions through a silica gel matrix doped with potassium phosphate allowed the crystallization processes to be controlled, mimicking environmental conditions that may influence biomineralization and industrial applications.