Estudio comparativo de la eficacia del tratamiento con bicarbonato sódico versus Intralipid en la reversión de la cardiotoxicidad inducida por bupivacaína en un modelo experimental porcino
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2023
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24/10/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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En los últimos años la anestesia regional se está convirtiendo en uno de los pilares de la anestesiología. Este auge se traduce en un mayor uso de los anestésicos locales aumentando a su vez sus potenciales efectos adversos siendo la toxicidad cardiológica la más temida. La bupivacaína es uno los anestésicos locales, más utilizados pero es también uno de los fármacos con mayor potencial de toxicidad cardiológica. El mecanismo de toxicidad electrofisiológica de la bupivacaína se relaciona con el bloqueo de los canales iónicos de sodio miocárdicos que se manifiesta con un incremento de la duración del intervalo QRS en el electrocardiograma. De forma característica esta tóxicidad se incrementa con el aumento de la frecuencia cardiaca, efecto frecuencia-dependiente. Recientemente diversos estudios experimentales y casos clínicos sugieren que la administración de emulsiones lipídicas como el Intralipid, en el contexto de una intoxicación sistémica por anestésicos locales funcionarían como un antídoto con reducción potencial de la morbilidad de la intoxicación. Estas investigaciones demuestran que el Intralipid es eficaz, sin embargo sus efectos en la reversión de la toxicidad electrofisiológica son controvertidos, y su administración no está exenta de presentar efectos adversos...
Over the past years, regional anaesthesia has progressively become one of the key pillars of anaesthesiology. This rise translates into a greater use of local anaesthetics, which in turn increases its potential adverse effects, of which cardiac toxicity is the most concerning. Bupivacaine is one of the most frequently used local anaesthetics, but it is also one of the drugs with the highest potential for cardiac toxicity. Bupivacaine’s mechanism of electrophysiological toxicity is linked to the blockage of the myocardial sodium ion channels which is manifested by increased QRS interval duration in electrocardiograms (ECG). This toxicity characteristically increases with increased cardiac frequency, thus it is frequency-dependent. Various experimental studies and clinical trials have recently suggested that in the context of systemic intoxication by local anaesthetics, the administration of lipid emulsions such as Intralipid may serve as an antidote with the potential to decrease morbidity from intoxication. The research shows that Intralipid is effective, nevertheless, there is debate regarding its effects on reversing electrophysiological toxicity, and its administration is not free of adverse effects...
Over the past years, regional anaesthesia has progressively become one of the key pillars of anaesthesiology. This rise translates into a greater use of local anaesthetics, which in turn increases its potential adverse effects, of which cardiac toxicity is the most concerning. Bupivacaine is one of the most frequently used local anaesthetics, but it is also one of the drugs with the highest potential for cardiac toxicity. Bupivacaine’s mechanism of electrophysiological toxicity is linked to the blockage of the myocardial sodium ion channels which is manifested by increased QRS interval duration in electrocardiograms (ECG). This toxicity characteristically increases with increased cardiac frequency, thus it is frequency-dependent. Various experimental studies and clinical trials have recently suggested that in the context of systemic intoxication by local anaesthetics, the administration of lipid emulsions such as Intralipid may serve as an antidote with the potential to decrease morbidity from intoxication. The research shows that Intralipid is effective, nevertheless, there is debate regarding its effects on reversing electrophysiological toxicity, and its administration is not free of adverse effects...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 24-10-2022