Prácticas de evaluación del aprendizaje de las matemáticas en las aulas de primaria: el caso de Baja California, México
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2020
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El propósito de la tesis doctoral es estudiar las prácticas de evaluación de los aprendizajes de las matemáticas que realizan los docentes en las aulas de primaria en Baja California, México. Para ello se ha trabajado sobre un diseño mixto secuencial, que consiste en una primera fase cualitativa con la finalidad de conocer las concepciones de los docentes y las características de sus prácticas de evaluación, así como identificar algunos de los factores que influyen en éstas. Los resultados de esta primera fase serán insumo para la construcción de un cuestionario que se aplicará en la fase cuantitativa, con el objetivo que los resultados sean susceptibles de generalización a la población de estudio. En la etapa final de investigación, los resultados de cada uno de los enfoques serán contrastados con fines de triangulación. Los resultados presentados en este documento corresponden a la primera fase cualitativa en la que participaron 21 docentes de primaria distribuidos en tres grupos focales. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados con el método de codificación empleado por la teoría fundamentada (codificación abierta, axial y selectiva). A partir de la codificación abierta se obtiene un ordenamiento conceptual, que corresponde a una descripción de los códigos, que han sido agrupados y clasificados en categorías conceptuales integradas en sus propiedades y dimensiones. Este tratamiento de los datos muestra los primeros hallazgos acerca de la diversidad de las prácticas de evaluación en el aula, así como una serie de factores que los docentes consideran influyen en su práctica, como es la participación de los padres, el apoyo a su formación y actualización, la relación tiempo-carga curricular, entre otros. Se concluye que los docentes se encuentran en una fase de transición de un modelo tradicional de evaluación conductista a uno más constructivista.
The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to study the mathematics learning assessment practices used by elementary school teachers of Baja California, Mexico. To accomplish this, the study follows a sequential mixed design that consists of an initial qualitative stage with the goal of learning about the teachers’ conceptions and the characteristics of their assessment practices, and, to identify some of the factors that influence them. The results of this initial stage will be used as an input for the construction of a questionnaire that will be used in the quantitative stage, with the objective of generalizing the results to the population of study. In the final stage of the study, the results of each approach will be compared to triangulate. The results presented in this document correspond to the initial qualitative stage in which 21 elementary school teachers organized in three focus groups participated. The data obtained were analyzed with the coding method used within the grounded theory (open, axial and selective coding). A conceptual ordering that corresponds to a description of the codes that have been grouped and classified into conceptual categories integrated in their properties and dimensions. This treatment of the data makes possible to visualize the initial findings about the diversity of evaluation practices in the classroom, as well as a series of factors that teachers consider influence in their practices, such as the participation of parents, support for their training and updating, the time-curricular load relationship, among others. It is concluded that teachers are in a transition phase froma traditional model of behavioral assessment to a more constructivist one.
The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to study the mathematics learning assessment practices used by elementary school teachers of Baja California, Mexico. To accomplish this, the study follows a sequential mixed design that consists of an initial qualitative stage with the goal of learning about the teachers’ conceptions and the characteristics of their assessment practices, and, to identify some of the factors that influence them. The results of this initial stage will be used as an input for the construction of a questionnaire that will be used in the quantitative stage, with the objective of generalizing the results to the population of study. In the final stage of the study, the results of each approach will be compared to triangulate. The results presented in this document correspond to the initial qualitative stage in which 21 elementary school teachers organized in three focus groups participated. The data obtained were analyzed with the coding method used within the grounded theory (open, axial and selective coding). A conceptual ordering that corresponds to a description of the codes that have been grouped and classified into conceptual categories integrated in their properties and dimensions. This treatment of the data makes possible to visualize the initial findings about the diversity of evaluation practices in the classroom, as well as a series of factors that teachers consider influence in their practices, such as the participation of parents, support for their training and updating, the time-curricular load relationship, among others. It is concluded that teachers are in a transition phase froma traditional model of behavioral assessment to a more constructivist one.