Múltiples maternidades y la insoportable levedad de la paternidad en reproducción humana asistida
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Publication date
2006
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Se pretende mostrar como construyen la maternidad y paternidad un grupo de demandantes, donantes y receptores de las técnicas de reproducción asistida. La idea central del artículo es que la ideología básica de nuestro sistema de parentesco occidental, donde consanguinidad y filiación están unidas, genera un modelo de referencia que resulta difícil eludir cuando en los tratamientos de reproducción asistida media la donación de gametos. Éstos, no son meras herramientas para el grupo estudiado en este trabajo; la donación y recepción de gametos implican confusión, ambigüedad y tensión. Se fragmenta, multiplica y jerarquiza la maternidad/paternidad. Prácticas y discursos se contradicen, se vuelven paradójicos; abundan las contradicciones, los silencios; tensiones que afectan a demandantes de los servicios de reproducción asistida y a los profesionales implicados.
The aim of this essay is to explain how maternity and paternity are constructed by a group of petitioners, donors and customers of assisted reproductive techniques. The main point concerns the basic principles of our Western kinship system, where consanguinity and filiations are interlinked. This ideology become difficult to face in assisted human reproduction when the donation of gametes takes place. These are not just mere tools, but donation and reception of gametes implied confusion, ambiguity and tension. Maternity and paternity are then fragmented, multiplied and divided into hierarchies. Practices and speeches contradict each other; they become paradoxical and full of discrepancies and silences. All this has an impact on those who demand assisted reproductive services and on those professionals implicated.
The aim of this essay is to explain how maternity and paternity are constructed by a group of petitioners, donors and customers of assisted reproductive techniques. The main point concerns the basic principles of our Western kinship system, where consanguinity and filiations are interlinked. This ideology become difficult to face in assisted human reproduction when the donation of gametes takes place. These are not just mere tools, but donation and reception of gametes implied confusion, ambiguity and tension. Maternity and paternity are then fragmented, multiplied and divided into hierarchies. Practices and speeches contradict each other; they become paradoxical and full of discrepancies and silences. All this has an impact on those who demand assisted reproductive services and on those professionals implicated.