Enhanced bioavailability and anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole in redispersible microparticles with low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose
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2014
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Dovepress
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de la Torre-Iglesias PM, García-Rodriguez JJ, Torrado G, Torrado S, Torrado-Santiago S, Bolás-Fernández F. Enhanced bioavailability and anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole in redispersible microparticles with low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2014 Sep 18;8:1467-79.
Abstract
Antecedentes: el mebendazol (MBZ) es un fármaco extremadamente insoluble y, por lo tanto, poco absorbido y los resultados clínicos variables pueden correlacionarse con las concentraciones sanguíneas. La necesidad de un tratamiento prolongado con dosis altas de este fármaco aumenta el riesgo de efectos adversos.
Métodos: En el presente estudio preparamos micropartículas redispersables (RDM) que contienen MBZ, un fármaco oral poco soluble en agua, en diferentes proporciones de hidroxipropilcelulosa poco sustituida (L-HPC). Investigamos las estructuras de micropartículas que emergen espontáneamente tras la dispersión de un RDM en medio acuoso y dilucidamos su influencia en la disolución, y también en su biodisponibilidad oral y eficiencia terapéutica utilizando un modelo murino de infección con el parásito nematodo Trichinella espiralis.
Resultados: Se obtuvieron porcentajes elevados de fármaco disuelto con RDM en proporciones 1:2,5 y 1:5 de MBZ:L-HPC. El análisis térmico mostró una amorfización de MBZ en el RDM por la ausencia de un pico de fusión claro de MBZ en las formulaciones. El rápido comportamiento de disolución podría deberse a la disminución de la cristalinidad del fármaco, el rápido tiempo de disolución de portadores como L-HPC, junto con su superior dispersabilidad y excelentes propiedades humectantes. RDM-1:2,5 y RDM-1:5 dieron como resultado un aumento de la concentración plasmática máxima y de los valores de área(s) bajo la curva (AUC)(0-infinito). Asimismo, después de la administración oral de RDM-1:2,5 y RDM-1:5, el AUC(0-infinito) fue 2,67 y 2,97 veces mayor, respectivamente, en comparación con el MBZ puro. La actividad terapéutica, evaluada en el ciclo de vida de Trichinella espiralis, mostró que RDM-1:5 fue el más eficaz para reducir el número de parásitos (4,56 veces) en comparación con el MBZ puro, en estado enquistado.
Conclusión: El MBZ: L-HPC RDM podría ser una forma efectiva de mejorar la biodisponibilidad oral y la actividad terapéutica utilizando dosis bajas de MBZ (5 mg/kg), lo que implica un bajo grado de toxicidad para los humanos.
Background: Mebendazole (MBZ) is an extremely insoluble and therefore poorly absorbed drug and the variable clinical results may correlate with blood concentrations. The necessity of a prolonged high dose treatment of this drug increases the risk of adverse effects. Methods: In the present study we prepared redispersible microparticles (RDM) containing MBZ, an oral, poorly water-soluble drug, in different proportions of low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC). We investigated the microparticulate structures that emerge spontaneously upon dispersion of an RDM in aqueous medium and elucidated their influence on dissolution, and also on their oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency using a murine model of infection with the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis. Results: Elevated percentages of dissolved drug were obtained with RDM at 1:2.5 and 1:5 ratios of MBZ: L-HPC. Thermal analysis showed an amorphization of MBZ in the RDM by the absence of a clear MBZ melting peak in formulations. The rapid dissolution behavior could be due to the decreased drug crystallinity, the fast dissolution time of carriers as L-HPC, together with its superior dispersibility and excellent wetting properties. RDM-1:2.5 and RDM-1:5 resulted in increased maximum plasma concentration and area(s) under the curve (AUC)0-∞ values. Likewise, after oral administration of the RDM-1:2.5 and RDM-1:5 the AUC0-∞ were 2.67- and 2.97-fold higher, respectively, compared to those of pure MBZ. Therapeutic activity, assessed on the Trichinella spiralis life cycle, showed that RDM-1:5 was the most effective in reducing the number of parasites (4.56-fold) as compared to pure MBZ, on the encysted stage. Conclusion: The MBZ: L-HPC RDM might be an effective way of improving oral bioavailability and therapeutic activity using low doses of MBZ (5 mg/kg), which implies a low degree of toxicity for humans.
Background: Mebendazole (MBZ) is an extremely insoluble and therefore poorly absorbed drug and the variable clinical results may correlate with blood concentrations. The necessity of a prolonged high dose treatment of this drug increases the risk of adverse effects. Methods: In the present study we prepared redispersible microparticles (RDM) containing MBZ, an oral, poorly water-soluble drug, in different proportions of low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC). We investigated the microparticulate structures that emerge spontaneously upon dispersion of an RDM in aqueous medium and elucidated their influence on dissolution, and also on their oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency using a murine model of infection with the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis. Results: Elevated percentages of dissolved drug were obtained with RDM at 1:2.5 and 1:5 ratios of MBZ: L-HPC. Thermal analysis showed an amorphization of MBZ in the RDM by the absence of a clear MBZ melting peak in formulations. The rapid dissolution behavior could be due to the decreased drug crystallinity, the fast dissolution time of carriers as L-HPC, together with its superior dispersibility and excellent wetting properties. RDM-1:2.5 and RDM-1:5 resulted in increased maximum plasma concentration and area(s) under the curve (AUC)0-∞ values. Likewise, after oral administration of the RDM-1:2.5 and RDM-1:5 the AUC0-∞ were 2.67- and 2.97-fold higher, respectively, compared to those of pure MBZ. Therapeutic activity, assessed on the Trichinella spiralis life cycle, showed that RDM-1:5 was the most effective in reducing the number of parasites (4.56-fold) as compared to pure MBZ, on the encysted stage. Conclusion: The MBZ: L-HPC RDM might be an effective way of improving oral bioavailability and therapeutic activity using low doses of MBZ (5 mg/kg), which implies a low degree of toxicity for humans.