Caracterización del Microbioma Subgingival en pacientes con periodontitis en España y Colombia
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2022
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09/05/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Introducción:La periodontitis, recientemente clasificada en estadios y grados siguiendo los criterios de la Clasificación de Enfermedades y Condiciones periodontales y Periimplantarias de 2018, es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica multifactorial y multidimensional, con una etiología polimicrobiana compleja. Es una enfermedad muy prevalente y su frecuencia puede varia4r según las condiciones económicas, culturales, sociales y étnicas de las poblaciones. Su principal factor etiológico son las comunidades bacterianas organizadas en biopelículas subgingivales las cuales resultan principalmente de cambios ecológicos en su estructura y por el aumento de la biomasa microbiana total. Se han identificado más de 700 especies o taxones bacterianos diferentes en el microbioma subgingival cultivables, no cultivables y difícilmente cultivables, las cuales han sido poco estudiadas entre poblaciones. Además, la mayoría de los estudios que las han caracterizado presentan variabilidad en las definiciones de caso utilizadas para seleccionar pacientes con periodontitis y han empleado técnicas de detección molecular de manera exclusiva, utilizando sistemas inexactos de agrupación entre secuencias, y con el riesgo de subestimar un siglo de historia del cultivo. Justificación y Objetivos: Por tanto, debido al advenimiento de la nueva clasificación de las enfermedades y condiciones periodontales y periimplantarias de 2018, se hace necesario caracterizar y comparar el microbioma subgingival, mediante el uso de cultivo bacteriano en combinación con la secuenciación del gen ARNr 16S, en pacientes de distintas poblaciones diagnosticadas con este nuevo sistema de clasificación.
Introduction: Periodontitis, recently classified into stages and grades following the criteria of the classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions 2018, is a multifactorial and multidimensional chronic inflammatory disease with a complex polymicrobial etiology. It is a very prevalent disease, and its frecuency may vary according to the economic, cultural social, and ethnic conditions of the populations. Its main etiological factor is the bacterial communities organized in subgingival biofilms, which mainly result from ecological changes in their structure and from the increase in total microbial biomass. More than 700 different bacterial species or taxa have been identified in the subgingival microbiome cultivable, non-cultivable, and difficult to cultivate, which have been little studied among populations. In addition, most of studies that have characterized them present variability in the case definitions used to select patients with periodontitis and have excusively used molecular detection techniques, using inexact grouping systems beween sequences, and at the risk of underestimating a century of cultivation history. Justification and Objectives: Therefore, due to the adventof the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions 2018, it is necessary to characterize the subgingival microbiome, through the use of bacterial culture combined with the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in patients from different populations diagnosed with this new classification system.
Introduction: Periodontitis, recently classified into stages and grades following the criteria of the classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions 2018, is a multifactorial and multidimensional chronic inflammatory disease with a complex polymicrobial etiology. It is a very prevalent disease, and its frecuency may vary according to the economic, cultural social, and ethnic conditions of the populations. Its main etiological factor is the bacterial communities organized in subgingival biofilms, which mainly result from ecological changes in their structure and from the increase in total microbial biomass. More than 700 different bacterial species or taxa have been identified in the subgingival microbiome cultivable, non-cultivable, and difficult to cultivate, which have been little studied among populations. In addition, most of studies that have characterized them present variability in the case definitions used to select patients with periodontitis and have excusively used molecular detection techniques, using inexact grouping systems beween sequences, and at the risk of underestimating a century of cultivation history. Justification and Objectives: Therefore, due to the adventof the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions 2018, it is necessary to characterize the subgingival microbiome, through the use of bacterial culture combined with the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in patients from different populations diagnosed with this new classification system.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, leída el 09-05-2022