Autoconcepto e intereses en adolescentes inmigrantes y nativos
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2016
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17/12/2015
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El objetivo central de esta investigación ha sido profundizar en el autoconcepto e intereses de los adolescentes nativos e inmigrantes. Si bien los constructos inmigrante y autoconcepto han sido ampliamente estudiados, las investigaciones que ponen en relación ambos son muy escasas (Areepattamannil y Freeman, 2008; Kaminski, Shafer y Neumann, 2005; Maureen, C. K.; McEarchern, A., 2009; Roebers y Schneider, 1999; Ullman y Tartar, 2001). En España esta necesidad es todavía más acuciante, dado que, aunque la presencia de inmigrantes en las aulas es habitual, los estudios sobre autoconcepto e inmigración son aún más exiguos. Además, hacemos una propuesta transcultural, ya que, como afirma Marsh y Hau (2004) es necesario estudiar las semejanzas, y no sólo las diferencias, para conocer también los puntos de conexión entre nativos e inmigrantes y así favorecer la inclusión entre culturas. En el estudio han participado 2701 alumnos de 2º de la ESO de la Comunidad de Madrid, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado, distribuidos proporcionalmente en función del área territorial de pertenencia y de la titularidad del centro educativo. La representación, en cuanto a género, es del 50% de mujeres, el 48% de varones y un 2% que no contesta. De ellos, 2164 son nativos, 492 inmigrantes y 45 alumnos no contestan. Entre los inmigrantes, hay adolescentes nacidos en 44 países diferentes, por lo que se decidió agrupar los alumnos cuyos orígenes estaban representados por menos de 16 alumnos. De este modo, se ha trabajado con 14 grupos diferentes para realizar los análisis en función del país de nacimiento, estos son, ordenados según el tamaño de cada muestra: España, Ecuador, Colombia, agrupados en América del Sur, Rumanía, Perú, agrupados en América Central y Caribe, agrupados en Unión Europea, Marruecos, agrupados en Asia, agrupados en Europa no UE, agrupados en América del Norte agrupados en África y el grupo de los que no contestan que no fueron tenidos en los análisis...
The central purpose of this research has been the deepening on self-‐concept and interests of native and immigrant adolescents. Although the constructs of immigrant and self-‐concept have been studied extensively, the researches which relate both are very scarce (Areepattamannil and Freeman, 2008; Kaminski, Shafer and Neumann, 2005; Maureen, C. K.; McEarchern, A., 2009; Roebers and Schneider, 1999; Ullman and Tartar, 2001). In Spain, this need is even more pressing, as the studies about self-‐concept and immigration are even more exiguous, even though immigrants are habitually present in the classrooms. Moreover we propose a transcultural approach, because – according to the affirmation of Marsh and Hay (2004) – it’s necessary to study likenesses and not only differences in order to perceive also the connection points between natives and immigrants, thus supporting the inclusion between cultures. 2701 students of 2nd grade of ESO in the region of Madrid participated in this research. They were selected by means of a stratified random sample, proportionally distributed depending on the territorial area of belonging and the entitlement of the educational establishment. The gender distribution is 50% female, 48 % male and 2% which didn’t answer. 2164 of them are natives, 492 immigrants and 45 students didn’t answer. Among the immigrants, there are adolescents which were born in 44 different countries and thus we decided to form groups of students, whose origins were represented by less than 16. Thus we worked with 14 different groups in order to perform the analyses depending on the country of birth. Arranged according to the size of each sample, these were: Spain, Ecuador, Colombia, group of Southern America, Rumania, Peru, group of Central America and Caribbean, group of the European Union, Morocco, group of Asia, group of non EU countries, group of Northern America, group of Africa and the group of those who didn’t answer and weren’t considered in the analyses...
The central purpose of this research has been the deepening on self-‐concept and interests of native and immigrant adolescents. Although the constructs of immigrant and self-‐concept have been studied extensively, the researches which relate both are very scarce (Areepattamannil and Freeman, 2008; Kaminski, Shafer and Neumann, 2005; Maureen, C. K.; McEarchern, A., 2009; Roebers and Schneider, 1999; Ullman and Tartar, 2001). In Spain, this need is even more pressing, as the studies about self-‐concept and immigration are even more exiguous, even though immigrants are habitually present in the classrooms. Moreover we propose a transcultural approach, because – according to the affirmation of Marsh and Hay (2004) – it’s necessary to study likenesses and not only differences in order to perceive also the connection points between natives and immigrants, thus supporting the inclusion between cultures. 2701 students of 2nd grade of ESO in the region of Madrid participated in this research. They were selected by means of a stratified random sample, proportionally distributed depending on the territorial area of belonging and the entitlement of the educational establishment. The gender distribution is 50% female, 48 % male and 2% which didn’t answer. 2164 of them are natives, 492 immigrants and 45 students didn’t answer. Among the immigrants, there are adolescents which were born in 44 different countries and thus we decided to form groups of students, whose origins were represented by less than 16. Thus we worked with 14 different groups in order to perform the analyses depending on the country of birth. Arranged according to the size of each sample, these were: Spain, Ecuador, Colombia, group of Southern America, Rumania, Peru, group of Central America and Caribbean, group of the European Union, Morocco, group of Asia, group of non EU countries, group of Northern America, group of Africa and the group of those who didn’t answer and weren’t considered in the analyses...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Educación, Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, leída el 17/12/2015