Entre la izquierda y lo posible : el relato político de la socialdemocracia latinoamericana en el siglo XXI. Un análisis comparado entre los casos de Michelle Bachelet (2014-2018) y José Mujica (2010-2015 )
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2022
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11/05/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El siglo XXI comenzó en América Latina con el ascenso de un cúmulo de gobiernos progresistas. A lo largo y ancho de la región, emergieron experiencias que hicieron hincapié en políticas públicas de corte redistributivo, la adquisición de nuevos derechos y la presencia del Estado en el campo de la economía. Un nuevo paradigma ideológico que se opuso al Consenso de Washington que imperó en los años noventa. Diversos estudios académicos denominaron a este ciclo como “La Nueva Izquierda Latinoamericana”.Varios autores dividieron a La Nueva Izquierda Latinoamericana en dos familias ideológicas: populismo y socialdemocracia. La primera corriente estuvo integrada por las gestiones de Hugo Chávez y Nicolás Maduro (Venezuela), Evo Morales (Bolivia), Daniel Ortega (Nicaragua) y Rafael Correa (Ecuador). En la otra línea se encuentran los casos de José Mujica y Tabaré Vázquez (Uruguay), Michelle Bachelet y Ricardo Lagos (Chile), Lula da Silva y Dilma Rousseff (Brasil). Néstor Kirchner y Cristina Fernández (Argentina) cabalgarían entre ambas categorías, aunque más cercanos al populismo. Las fronteras de dicha tipología estaban sustentadas en el modelo económico, el tipo de liderazgo, la arquitectura partidaria y el relato político...
The 21st century began in Latin America with the rise of a host of progressive governments. Throughout the region, experiences arose that made noise in public policies of a redistributive nature, the acquisition of new rights and the presence of the State in the field of the economy. A new ideological paradigm that opposed the Washington Consensus that prevailed in the 1990s. Various academic studies called this cycle "The New Latin American Left."Several authors divided the New Latin American Left into two ideological families: populism and social democracy. The first current was made up of the efforts of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro (Venezuela), Evo Morales (Bolivia), Daniel Ortega (Nicaragua) and Rafael Correa (Ecuador). On the other line are the cases of José Mujica and Tabaré Vázquez (Uruguay), Michelle Bachelet and Ricardo Lagos (Chile), Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff (Brazil). Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández (Argentina) would ride between both categories, although closer to populism. The borders of this typology were based on the economic model, the type of leadership, the party architecture and the political narrative...
The 21st century began in Latin America with the rise of a host of progressive governments. Throughout the region, experiences arose that made noise in public policies of a redistributive nature, the acquisition of new rights and the presence of the State in the field of the economy. A new ideological paradigm that opposed the Washington Consensus that prevailed in the 1990s. Various academic studies called this cycle "The New Latin American Left."Several authors divided the New Latin American Left into two ideological families: populism and social democracy. The first current was made up of the efforts of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro (Venezuela), Evo Morales (Bolivia), Daniel Ortega (Nicaragua) and Rafael Correa (Ecuador). On the other line are the cases of José Mujica and Tabaré Vázquez (Uruguay), Michelle Bachelet and Ricardo Lagos (Chile), Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff (Brazil). Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández (Argentina) would ride between both categories, although closer to populism. The borders of this typology were based on the economic model, the type of leadership, the party architecture and the political narrative...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 11-05-2022