Estudio de biofilms orales sobre superficies de implantes dentales
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2020
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30/09/2019
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El biofilm se describe como una comunidad de células bacterianas adheridas a una superficie viva o inerte inmersa en un medio acuoso y revestida por una capa protectora llamada matriz extracelular segregada por los propios microorganismos ayudándoles a mantenerse unidos.Las superficies tanto de dientes como de implantes cumplen los requisitos indispensables para favorecer la formación de un biofilm oral. En el caso deldiente, la formación de una microbiota subgingival supone la colonización de la superficie radicular por diferentes especies bacterianas. La presencia de las primeras bacterias, llamadas colonizadores primarios, favorece la aparición de nuevos colonizadores, los secundarios, dando como resultado un biofilm anaerobio gram-negativo.Un patrón similar a lo ocurrido sobre la superficie dental parece darse en las superficies de titanio de los implantes dentales. En el caso de los implantes, la macrotopografía y la microtopografía (definida por la rugosidad) de las que se dotan a las diferentes superficies de implantes para beneficiar su osteointegración y conseguir el éxito en el tratamiento implantológico, pueden actuar como favorecedores de la adhesión de colonizadores primarios,desencadenando así la formación del biofilm...
Biofilm is described as a community of bacterial cells attached to a living or dead surface immersed in an aqueous environment, covered by a protective layer (secreted by the microorganisms themselves) helping them to stay together, called extracellular matrix. The surfaces of both teeth and implants meet the essential requirements to favor the formation of the oral biofilm. In case of the teeth, the formation of a subgingival microbiota promotes the colonization of the root surface by different bacterial species. The presence of primary colonizers favors the arrival of new ones, called secondary colonizers, resulting in a gram-negative anaerobic biofilm. A similar pattern to what happens on dental surfaces seems to occur on titanium dental implants surfaces. The macro and microtopography (defined byroughness) of dental implants that were developed to benefit their osseointegration, could also favor the adherence of primary colonizers, thus triggering biofilm formation. Given the implication of oral bacteria in the development of peri-implant diseases and taking into account the increasement in the prevalence of this condition, it seems relevant to study and describe the formation of biofilm on whole titanium dental implants with their macro and microtopography, using an in vitro multispecies biofilm model...
Biofilm is described as a community of bacterial cells attached to a living or dead surface immersed in an aqueous environment, covered by a protective layer (secreted by the microorganisms themselves) helping them to stay together, called extracellular matrix. The surfaces of both teeth and implants meet the essential requirements to favor the formation of the oral biofilm. In case of the teeth, the formation of a subgingival microbiota promotes the colonization of the root surface by different bacterial species. The presence of primary colonizers favors the arrival of new ones, called secondary colonizers, resulting in a gram-negative anaerobic biofilm. A similar pattern to what happens on dental surfaces seems to occur on titanium dental implants surfaces. The macro and microtopography (defined byroughness) of dental implants that were developed to benefit their osseointegration, could also favor the adherence of primary colonizers, thus triggering biofilm formation. Given the implication of oral bacteria in the development of peri-implant diseases and taking into account the increasement in the prevalence of this condition, it seems relevant to study and describe the formation of biofilm on whole titanium dental implants with their macro and microtopography, using an in vitro multispecies biofilm model...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, leída el 30-09-2019