Sobre una nueva versión y diferente perspectiva de la responsabilidad social corporativa
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2017
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18/12/2015
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Esta “Nueva versión y diferente perspectiva de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa” pretende aportar una visión nueva y diferente sobre la noción teórica y práctica de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) y a partir de su recorrido histórico. En primer lugar, se distancia la RSC de actuaciones empresariales ajenas al objeto y al interés social de las compañías, como la filantropía, la beneficencia y la acción social. Después, se adopta una versión de la RSC de carácter esencialmente obligatorio, en donde el “cumplir o explicar” sería un principio transitorio y circunstancial que cedería paso, salvo excepciones justificadas, al “cumplir siempre”. Gobierno Corporativo obligatorio, cumplimiento o compliance, reputación, transparencia, sostenibilidad, beneficio, creación de valor y respeto al objeto y al interés social construyen un complejo indivisible que una empresa moderna debe poner en práctica, apoyada y protegida por normas aplicables y exigibles, para conseguir una RSC efectiva, influyente y que no permita que se la confunda con un departamento o área singular de la compañía. A lo anterior se unen la financiación responsable, las inversiones responsables y la existencia de controladores y supervisores independientes del sistema establecido de RSC, para permitir empezar a considerar y ponderar no una simple actividad de RSC en la empresa, sino una empresa que opera con RSC o sin ella y en este caso corre riesgos para el beneficio de su negocio típico y riesgos reputacionales. El estudio arriesga una definición y una opción claras y concretas de la RSC, con las que es muy difícil confundirse en el objetivo final de establecer en una compañía un esquema de RSC moderno y operativo, aunque siempre existan posibilidades de progreso y mejora desde una doble postura, teórica y práctica, de valorar la cuestión. La tesis decide tomar partido, se arriesga e intenta sugerir y proponer que es posible, ahora mismo, una RSC funcional que combine la teoría y la práctica en beneficio de las compañías y de sus grupos de interés, aportando una perspectiva histórica diferente que permite afirmar que “siempre ha existido RSC en la empresa”.
This “New and Distinctive Perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility” aims to provide a new theoretical and practical conceptualisation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) based on its historical development. First, the definition of CSR adopted by this doctoral paper does not include company activities outside corporate objectives and interests. Activities such as philanthropy, charitable causes and community service are not considered. Second, an essentially compulsory version of CSR is adopted, whereby the principle of “comply or explain” would be transitory and circumstantial leading to a principle of ‘compliance at all times’ with only justifiable exceptions admitted. Mandatory Corporate Governance, compliance, reputation, transparency, sustainability, profit, value creation and the pursuit of corporate objectives and interests, contribute to the indivisible group of objectives that a modern company must put into practice, supported and protected by applicable and enforceable rules, in order to achieve an effective and influential CSR, that is not to be confused with a specific department or area within the company. The above must be achieved with socially responsible finance and investment and the existence of independent control and supervision provided by an established CSR system, in order to begin to consider it not only as a simple activity in the company, but to assess whether a company operates with or without CSR, and in the latter case, the associated reputational and profit risks. The doctoral thesis proposes a clear definition of CSR that facilitates the understanding of what the ultimate objective of implementing a modern and functional CSR scheme is, although clearly with possibilities for further improvement of both the theoretical and practical aspects. To conclude, this doctoral thesis argues that today a CSR function that combines theory and practice for the benefit of companies and their different stakeholders is possible; proposing an alternative historical perspective that affirms that “CSR has always existed within companies”.
This “New and Distinctive Perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility” aims to provide a new theoretical and practical conceptualisation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) based on its historical development. First, the definition of CSR adopted by this doctoral paper does not include company activities outside corporate objectives and interests. Activities such as philanthropy, charitable causes and community service are not considered. Second, an essentially compulsory version of CSR is adopted, whereby the principle of “comply or explain” would be transitory and circumstantial leading to a principle of ‘compliance at all times’ with only justifiable exceptions admitted. Mandatory Corporate Governance, compliance, reputation, transparency, sustainability, profit, value creation and the pursuit of corporate objectives and interests, contribute to the indivisible group of objectives that a modern company must put into practice, supported and protected by applicable and enforceable rules, in order to achieve an effective and influential CSR, that is not to be confused with a specific department or area within the company. The above must be achieved with socially responsible finance and investment and the existence of independent control and supervision provided by an established CSR system, in order to begin to consider it not only as a simple activity in the company, but to assess whether a company operates with or without CSR, and in the latter case, the associated reputational and profit risks. The doctoral thesis proposes a clear definition of CSR that facilitates the understanding of what the ultimate objective of implementing a modern and functional CSR scheme is, although clearly with possibilities for further improvement of both the theoretical and practical aspects. To conclude, this doctoral thesis argues that today a CSR function that combines theory and practice for the benefit of companies and their different stakeholders is possible; proposing an alternative historical perspective that affirms that “CSR has always existed within companies”.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Departamento de Historia e Instituciones Económicas I, leída el 18-12-2015