¿Existen los autoesquemas depresivos y ansiosos?
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1994
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Sanz, J. (1994). ¿Existen los autoesquemas depresivos y ansiosos? Boletín de Psicología, 43, 53-88.
Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar si, tal y como propone la teoría cognitiva de Beck, los individuos deprimidos y ansiosos se caracterizan por la presencia de autoesquemas depresivos o ansiosos. Se realizaron dos experimentos en los que grupos de universitarios llevaron a cabo variantes de una tarea experimental de anticipación o "priming" (Warren, 1972) diseñada para evaluar las interconexiones dentro del autoconcepto. Los sujetos también completaron varios cuestionarios de ansiedad social y depresión. Se estudiaron los efectos derivados de la posible existencia de un autoesquema "normal" para detectar si las desviaciones de ese patrón normal en la dirección de un procesamiento esquemático depresivo o ansioso estaban relacionadas con diferencias en los niveles, respectivamente, de depresión y ansiedad. En general, no se encontró ninguna relación entre las medidas de depresión o ansiedad social y el rendimiento de los sujetos en la tarea experimental. Aunque no se encontraron datos favorables a la existencia de autoesquemas depresivos o ansiosos, sorprendentemente sí se encontraron datos indicando que las personas normales pueden tener interconexiones semánticas entre las representaciones mentales de los rasgos de personalidad positivos inversamente relacionados con la depresión o la ansiedad social.
The aim of this research was to examine whether, as suggested by Beck's cognitive theory, depressed and anxious individuals are characterized by the presence of depressive or anxious self-schemata. Two experiments were carried out in which groups of undergraduates were asked to complete modifications of a semantic priming task (Warren, 1972) designed to assess interconnections within self-concept. Subjects also completed several social anxiety and depression questionnaires. Effects derived from the possible existence of "normal" self-schemata were studied in order to examine whether deviations from that normal pattern in the direction of a depressive or anxious schematic processing were related to differences on the levels of depression or social anxiety, respectively. In general, it was found no relationships between depression or social anxiety measures and subjects' performance in the experimental task. Although no data supporting depressive or anxious self-schemata were found, surprisingly, it was found that normal individuals showed semantic interconnections among mental representations of the positive personality traits inversely related to depression or social anxiety.
The aim of this research was to examine whether, as suggested by Beck's cognitive theory, depressed and anxious individuals are characterized by the presence of depressive or anxious self-schemata. Two experiments were carried out in which groups of undergraduates were asked to complete modifications of a semantic priming task (Warren, 1972) designed to assess interconnections within self-concept. Subjects also completed several social anxiety and depression questionnaires. Effects derived from the possible existence of "normal" self-schemata were studied in order to examine whether deviations from that normal pattern in the direction of a depressive or anxious schematic processing were related to differences on the levels of depression or social anxiety, respectively. In general, it was found no relationships between depression or social anxiety measures and subjects' performance in the experimental task. Although no data supporting depressive or anxious self-schemata were found, surprisingly, it was found that normal individuals showed semantic interconnections among mental representations of the positive personality traits inversely related to depression or social anxiety.
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Beca posdoctoral MEC/Fulbright