Clientelismo y elecciones: del tercio familiar a la Transición: el caso de la provincia de Santander
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2019
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Aunque las elecciones franquistas al tercio familiar han sido generalmente interpretadas como elecciones no competitivas, un análisis más detenido permite hacer ciertas matizaciones a dicha afirmación. Así podría plantearse la existencia de unas elecciones semicompetitivas de carácter excluyente y de tipo clientelar, al competir por captar no un voto ideológico sino a través de una nueva relación de redes económicas y políticas y un retorno actualizado de ese caciquismo que intentaba asegurarse la victoria a través de favores que se nutrían de los recursos del Estado. El objetivo es analizar estas elecciones en la provincia de Santander a través del caso de Alfonso Osorio, y cómo estas redes clientelares se perpetuaron, a través del asociacionismo político, hasta las
primeras elecciones democráticas. Esto habría permitido articular unas fuerzas políticas del centro y la derecha que, en gran medida, encontraron en esos contactos construidos durante el tardofranquismo sus bases sociales
Although franquist elections to the “family third” have generally been understood as non-competitive elections, a further analysis allows to make certain clarifications to this affirmation. In this way, it would allow to consider the existence of “semicompetitive elections” with excluding character and clientelism. The real competition was to build a clientele through a new relationship of economic and political networks and an updated return of that old "caciquismo" that tried to secure the electoral victory through favors that were based in the resources of the State. The objective is to analyze these elections in the province of Santander through the case of Alfonso Osorio, and how these clientelistic networks extended themselves, through political associationism, until the first democratic elections. This would have allowed to build the political forces of the center and the right that, to a large extent, found their social bases in those contacts building during late Francoism.
Although franquist elections to the “family third” have generally been understood as non-competitive elections, a further analysis allows to make certain clarifications to this affirmation. In this way, it would allow to consider the existence of “semicompetitive elections” with excluding character and clientelism. The real competition was to build a clientele through a new relationship of economic and political networks and an updated return of that old "caciquismo" that tried to secure the electoral victory through favors that were based in the resources of the State. The objective is to analyze these elections in the province of Santander through the case of Alfonso Osorio, and how these clientelistic networks extended themselves, through political associationism, until the first democratic elections. This would have allowed to build the political forces of the center and the right that, to a large extent, found their social bases in those contacts building during late Francoism.