Plataformas de fact-checking y confianza: análisis de sus relaciones con las fuentes y audiencias
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2024
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Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
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Chaparro-Domínguez, M. Á., Mauri-Ríos, M. y Rodríguez-Martínez, R. (2024). Plataformas de fact-checking y confianza: análisis de sus relaciones con las fuentes y audiencias. index.comunicación, 14(2), 165-189. https://doi.org/10.62008/ixc/14/02Plataf
Abstract
La confianza es un aspecto básico en el trabajo diario de las plataformas de fact-checking. Este valor sustenta las relaciones que mantienen con dos actores clave en el proceso periodístico: las fuentes informativas y las audiencias. Partiendo de los discursos de confianza (Manninen, 2017) y de la transparencia participativa (Karlsson, 2010), el objetivo de este estudio es analizar las relaciones que establecen las plataformas de fact-checking independientes hacia sus fuentes, por un lado, y sus audiencias, por otro. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de contenido cualitativo de las páginas web de 18 iniciativas de 18 países y seis entrevistas en profundidad a editores/as y/o periodistas de seis de los proyectos analizados. Entre los resultados obtenidos, se observa cómo las plataformas encarnan un discurso de confianza pragmático en el uso de las fuentes, con las oficiales y las expertas como las más utilizadas. Además, otorgan una alta confianza a su audiencia, a la que introducen en el proceso de producción periodístico, y ponen en marcha numerosas acciones de alfabetización mediática, una línea de trabajo con un alto potencial.
Trust is a basic aspect in the daily work of fact-checking organizations. This value underpins the relationships they maintain with two key actors in the journalistic process: news sources and audiences. Based on the discourses of trust (Manninen, 2017) and participatory transparency (Karlsson, 2010), the aim of this study is to analyse the relationships established between independent fact-checking platforms and their sources, on the one hand, and their audiences, on the other. To this end, a qualitative content analysis of the websites of 18 initiatives from 18 countries and six in-depth interviews with editors and/or journalists from six of the projects analysed were carried out. Among the results obtained, it is observed that the organizations make a pragmatic discourse of trust in the use of sources, with official and expert sources being the most widely used. They also place a high level of trust in their audience, which they bring into the journalistic production process, and they implement numerous media literacy actions, a line of work with high potential.
Trust is a basic aspect in the daily work of fact-checking organizations. This value underpins the relationships they maintain with two key actors in the journalistic process: news sources and audiences. Based on the discourses of trust (Manninen, 2017) and participatory transparency (Karlsson, 2010), the aim of this study is to analyse the relationships established between independent fact-checking platforms and their sources, on the one hand, and their audiences, on the other. To this end, a qualitative content analysis of the websites of 18 initiatives from 18 countries and six in-depth interviews with editors and/or journalists from six of the projects analysed were carried out. Among the results obtained, it is observed that the organizations make a pragmatic discourse of trust in the use of sources, with official and expert sources being the most widely used. They also place a high level of trust in their audience, which they bring into the journalistic production process, and they implement numerous media literacy actions, a line of work with high potential.