Fuentes legales y prácticas religiosas diferenciadoras entre caraítas y rabanitas en la Edad Media
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2017
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26/09/2013
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Abstract
El siguiente trabajo trata del conflicto religioso que tuvo lugar en la Edad Media entre el grupo sectario de los caraítas s. IX d. C y los rabanitas, la corriente principal del judaísmo, sobre: a) La valoración de la Tradición Oral (Mishná y Talmud) como fuente sagrada igual que la propia Biblia; b) Así como la metodología para extraer las leyes del texto sagrado; y por último, c) Cuestiones de práctica religiosa y de liturgia (shabbat, circuncisión, leyes de pureza, entre otros). Los objetivos principales de este trabajo son los siguientes: Primero, hacer un estudio sobre las fuentes y metodología utilizada por los rabanitas y caraítas para extraer las normas y leyes de la vida judía; segundo, ilustrar y documentar las opiniones de rabanitas y caraítas a través de dos figuras cruciales en la polémica que se produjo entre estos dos grupos en la Edad Media: el rabanita Sa‘adia Gaón (882-942 d.C) y el caraíta Ya‘qūb alQirqisānī (segundo cuarto del siglo X d. C) en Bagdad; tercero, aportar datos nuevos a partir de la lectura de las obras originales de estos autores en judeo-árabe, así como de una fuente anónima medieval; y por último, ilustrar el impacto de las diferencias entre ambos grupos en una cuestión de gran relevancia en el mundo judío: la observancia del Shabbat.
The following document is about the religious conflict that took place in the Middle Ages between the sectarian group of the Karaites s. IX d. C and the Rabbanites, the mainstream Judaism, on: a) The assessment of the Oral Tradition (Mishnah and Talmud) as sacred source just as the Bible itself; b) as well as the methodology for extracting the laws from the sacred text; and finally, c) issues of religious practices and worship (Sabbath, circumcision, purity laws, among others.). The main objectives of this document are the following: first, a study of the sources and methodology used by the Rabbanites and Karaites in order to extract the rules and laws of Jewish life; second, to illustrate and document the views of Rabbanites and Karaites through two key figures in the controversy that occurred between this two groups in the Middle Ages: the Rabbanite Sa'adia Gaón (882-942 AD) and the Karaite Ya'qūb alQirqisānī (second quarter of the tenth century AD C.) in Baghdad; third, provide new data from the reading of original works of these authors in Judeo-Arabic, as well as a medieval anonymous source; and finally, illustrate the impact of differences between both groups in a matter of great importance in the Jewish world: the observance of the Sabbath.
The following document is about the religious conflict that took place in the Middle Ages between the sectarian group of the Karaites s. IX d. C and the Rabbanites, the mainstream Judaism, on: a) The assessment of the Oral Tradition (Mishnah and Talmud) as sacred source just as the Bible itself; b) as well as the methodology for extracting the laws from the sacred text; and finally, c) issues of religious practices and worship (Sabbath, circumcision, purity laws, among others.). The main objectives of this document are the following: first, a study of the sources and methodology used by the Rabbanites and Karaites in order to extract the rules and laws of Jewish life; second, to illustrate and document the views of Rabbanites and Karaites through two key figures in the controversy that occurred between this two groups in the Middle Ages: the Rabbanite Sa'adia Gaón (882-942 AD) and the Karaite Ya'qūb alQirqisānī (second quarter of the tenth century AD C.) in Baghdad; third, provide new data from the reading of original works of these authors in Judeo-Arabic, as well as a medieval anonymous source; and finally, illustrate the impact of differences between both groups in a matter of great importance in the Jewish world: the observance of the Sabbath.