Papel de la mitocondria y del estrés del retículo endoplásmico en la disfunción arterial peneana asociada a la obesidad
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2025
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15/07/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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La función eréctil normal es principalmente un evento vascular que depende de la vasodilatación, que se debe en gran parte tanto al óxido nítrico (NO) derivado de los nervios como del endotelio. La dilatación arterial mediada por NO neural y el aumento del flujo sanguíneo a los cuerpos cavernosos producido por la activación parasimpática del revestimiento endotelial en las arterias peneanas al inicio de la erección, a su vez, libera NO del endotelio y produce una mayor vasodilatación y erección sostenida (Prieto, 2008a; Villalba et al., 2009). El síndrome metabólico, una constelación de anomalías metabólicas que incluyen obesidad central, hiperglucemia, dislipidemia e hipertensión, aumenta el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y se ha relacionado con la disfunción endotelial vascular y recientemente con el desarrollo de estrés del retículo endoplásmico (RE) (Khan et al., 2009b). Por ejemplo, se ha demostrado que el desarrollo acelerado de lesiones ateroscleróticas ocurre antes del inicio de la dislipidemia asociada a la diabetes, lo que sugiere que el estrés del RE tiene lugar en una etapa temprana de la diabetes, debido a la expresión de marcadores de estrés del RE en lesiones ateroscleróticas avanzadas a nivel tisular (Wingard et al., 2007)...
Normal erectile function is primarily a vascular event that relies on vasodilation, which is largely due to both nerve- and endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). Thus, neural NO-mediated arterial dilatation and increased blood inflow to the corpora cavernosa produced by parasympathetic activation at the initiation of the endothelial lining in penile arteries, which, in turn, releases NO from endothelium and produces further vasodilation and sustained erection (Prieto, 2008a; Villalba et al., 2009).Metabolic syndrome, a constellation of metabolic abnormalities including central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension, increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and has been linked to vascular endothelial dysfunction and recently to the development of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) (Khan et al., 2009b). For instance, it has been shown that the accelerated development of atherosclerotic lesions occurs before the onset of diabetes associated dyslipidaemia suggesting that the ER stress takes place in an early stage of diabetes, due to the expression of the ER stress markers in advanced atherosclerotic lesions at the tissue levels (Wingard et al., 2007)...
Normal erectile function is primarily a vascular event that relies on vasodilation, which is largely due to both nerve- and endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). Thus, neural NO-mediated arterial dilatation and increased blood inflow to the corpora cavernosa produced by parasympathetic activation at the initiation of the endothelial lining in penile arteries, which, in turn, releases NO from endothelium and produces further vasodilation and sustained erection (Prieto, 2008a; Villalba et al., 2009).Metabolic syndrome, a constellation of metabolic abnormalities including central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension, increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and has been linked to vascular endothelial dysfunction and recently to the development of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) (Khan et al., 2009b). For instance, it has been shown that the accelerated development of atherosclerotic lesions occurs before the onset of diabetes associated dyslipidaemia suggesting that the ER stress takes place in an early stage of diabetes, due to the expression of the ER stress markers in advanced atherosclerotic lesions at the tissue levels (Wingard et al., 2007)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 15/07/2024