Catalizadores multicomponente basados en TiO2-Pt para foto-producción de hidrógeno
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2023
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11/10/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El sistema energético actual basado fundamentalmente en la explotación de combustibles fósiles presenta grandes problemas de sostenibilidad, así como un gran impacto medioambiental. Por ello, cada vez es más necesario llevar a cabo una transición hacia un sistema basado en energías renovables. Bajo este escenario, la utilización de hidrógeno como vector energético se presenta como una alternativa muy prometedora en base a su sostenibilidad y escaso impacto medioambiental. Dentro de los procesos empleados para producir hidrógeno, destaca la fotocatálisis, donde se produce la disociación de la molécula de agua (en presencia o no de agentes de sacrificio) empleando un catalizador y luz solar. A pesar de que éste presenta gran interés por emplear dos recursos muy abundantes en la naturaleza (agua y energía solar), la eficiencia del mismo hasta el momento es limitada y no permite su aplicación a nivel industrial. Los catalizadores utilizados en este proceso son semiconductores, entre los más estudiados se encuentran los óxidos metálicos, sulfuros metálicos y nitruros metálicos. Con el objetivo de aumentar la eficacia de fotoproducción de hidrógeno, se han aplicado diversas estrategias para mejorar dichos semiconductores, destacando entre ellas las modificaciones estructurales, superficiales o la formación de sistemas compuestos, entre otras...
The current energy system, based mainly on the exploitation of fossil fuels, presents significant sustainability problems, as well as a major environmental impact. Therefore, a transition to a renewable-based system is becoming increasingly necessary. Under this context, the use of hydrogen as an energy vector appears as a very promising alternative based on its sustainability and low environmental impact. Among the processes used to produce hydrogen, photocatalysis can be highlighted, where the water molecule is dissociated with the help (or not) of sacrificial agents and using a catalyst and sunlight. Although it is of great interest because of the use of two resources very abundant in nature (water and solar energy), its limited efficiency does not allow its application at the industrial level. The catalysts used in this process are semiconductors and among the most studied are metal oxides, metal sulfides and metal nitrides. In order to increase the efficiency of hydrogen photoproduction, various strategies have been applied to improve these semiconductors, including structural and surface modifications and the formation of composite systems, among others...
The current energy system, based mainly on the exploitation of fossil fuels, presents significant sustainability problems, as well as a major environmental impact. Therefore, a transition to a renewable-based system is becoming increasingly necessary. Under this context, the use of hydrogen as an energy vector appears as a very promising alternative based on its sustainability and low environmental impact. Among the processes used to produce hydrogen, photocatalysis can be highlighted, where the water molecule is dissociated with the help (or not) of sacrificial agents and using a catalyst and sunlight. Although it is of great interest because of the use of two resources very abundant in nature (water and solar energy), its limited efficiency does not allow its application at the industrial level. The catalysts used in this process are semiconductors and among the most studied are metal oxides, metal sulfides and metal nitrides. In order to increase the efficiency of hydrogen photoproduction, various strategies have been applied to improve these semiconductors, including structural and surface modifications and the formation of composite systems, among others...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas leída el 11-10-2022. Tesis formato europeo (compendio de artículos)